Altered cognitive response to serotonin challenge as a candidate endophenotype for obsessive-compulsive disorder

Abstract

Individuals with OCD, and first-degree relatives, showed an altered cognitive response to serotonin challenge. This is the first demonstration of a candidate pharmacological challenge endophenotype for the disorder. Future work should confirm these findings in a larger sample size and ideally extend them to other cognitive paradigms, utilizing functional neuroimaging.

Cognitive dysfunction in body dysmorphic disorder: new implications for nosological systems and neurobiological models

“…[60][61][62] Individuals with OCD have been found to be unimpaired on the CGT, 28 though abnormal performance on the task versus controls can be elicited in OCD with acute serotonergic challenge. 63 However, our results showed abnormal decision-making in a BDD sample. A higher incidence of delay aversion was seen in BDD patients (ie, participants were unwilling to wait for bets to increase/ decrease), suggesting an increased degree of impatience (decision-making impulsivity).…”

Metabolite- protein interaction (MPI) network analysis of obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD) from reported metabolites

“…In other word, expression changes of proteins or metabolites levels may due to imbalance the metabolome profile and protein regulation, respectively. In addition, some of the interactive proteins to the designated metabolites were previously investigated in the genetic level with different kinds of polymorphisms for OCD (35). In this regard, this finding can justify the fact that, these polymorph genes may have presented in the functional level as their interacted metabolites demonstrated significant changes in OCD psychopathology.…”

“…In addition, glutamate receptor (GRM5) activated by glutamate, is the most significant related functional partner. Serotonin is another vital neurotransmitter in brain mood regulation (35). Examining ten most related interacting proteins show that serotonin receptors (HTR family) have direct interactions and possesses high relation scores.…”

Cognitive performance in children and adolescents at high-risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder

“…A Brazilian study identified that subclinical obsessive-compulsive (OC) subjects are common in first-degree relatives of individuals with OCD and are associated with lower socioeconomic status, coercive behaviors, and proband contamination/cleaning symptoms [5]. As well as the higher prevalence rate of OCD in first-degree relatives [6,7], these family members may also exhibit a cognitive profile similar to that presented by OCD patients [8][9][10][11].…”

“…Neuropsychological studies in adults with OCD have reported impairments in visuospatial abilities, executive functions, verbal memory, verbal fluency and attention [12,13] while in children the main impairments related are visual memory, visual organization, processing speed, cognitive flexibility and planning [14][15][16], although the unique meta-analysis in pediatric populations could not find any positive result [17]. In addition, adult studies with non-symptomatic first-degree relatives of OCD patients have identified cognitive deficits, particularly in inhibitory control [8,18], decision making [9,10], long-term verbal and visual memory [19], planning [20], working memory, verbal fluency and motor speed [11]. Regarding Intelligence Quotient (IQ), performance differences were identified in adults, in a recent meta-analysis that pointed not only an IQ difference between patients with OCD and healthy controls but also a larger IQ discrepancy between verbal and performance IQ in the OCD group [21].…”