The effects of passive or active warm-up upon certain physiological measures

Elbel, Edwin R.; Mikols, W. J.

doi:10.1007/bf00700993

Int. Z. Angew. Physiol. Einschl. Arbeitsphysiol.

1972

DOI: 10.1007/bf00700993

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The effects of passive or active warm-up upon certain physiological measures

Edwin R. Elbel

W. J. Mikols

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Cited by 4 publications

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Effects of active, passive or no warm-up on the physiological response to heavy exercise

Ingjer

Strømme

1979

Europ. J. Appl. Physiol.

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Six endurance-trained young men were subjected to a 4 min maximal aerobic treadmill run (100% of VO2 max), after active or passive warm-up or rest on separate days. The increase in body temperature during the active and passive warm-up was controlled, so that the temperature reached the same level, before the subject was exposed to the maximal exercise. On average the rectal temperature rose to 38.3 degrees C (range 38.1-38.6 degrees C). The standard work resulted in a significant higher oxygen uptake, lower lactate concentration and higher blood pH when the work was preceded by active warm-up as compared with passive or no warm-up. The difference in total oxygen uptake during the run between the active and passive warm-up procedure was 0.8 1. No significant difference in minute volume of expired air or respiratory quotient was found. It is concluded that the physiological effects of a thorough active warm-up may be of substantial benefit to athletic performance.

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Effects of active, passive or no warm-up on the physiological response to heavy exercise

Ingjer

Strømme

1979

Europ. J. Appl. Physiol.

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The effects of various warming up intensities and durations upon some physiological variables during an exercise corresponding to the WC170

Bruyn-Prevost

1980

Europ. J. Appl. Physiol.

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Empirically, many procedures are used by sportsmen to warm up, such as massage, hot showers, or muscular exercise, although their objective effect on performance is still not evident. The present study investigates different warming up durations and intensities with or without a resting period between warming up and the criterion exercise, both performed on a bicycle ergometer. Heart rate, oxygen consumption, blood lactic acid level, and oxygen debt are measured. When the criterion exercise immediately follows warming up, heart rate, and oxygen consumption generally attain higher values during the criterion exercise but lactic acid level shows no important variation. When introducing a resting period between warming up and the criterion exercise, the heart rate and oxygen consumption values do not differ from those attained without warming up. The results do not conclusively show a positive effect of warming up before exercise.

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Effects of active, passive or no warm-up on metabolism and performance during high-intensity exercise

Gray¹,

Nimmo²

2001

Journal of Sports Sciences

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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of type of warm-up on metabolism and performance during high-intensity exercise. Eight males performed 30 s of intense exercise at 120% of their maximal power output followed, 1 min later, by a performance cycle to exhaustion, again at 120% of maximal power output. Exercise was preceded by active, passive or no warm-up (control). Muscle temperature, immediately before exercise, was significantly elevated after active and passive warm-ups compared to the control condition (36.9 +/- 0.18 degrees C, 36.8 +/- 0.18 degrees C and 33.6 +/- 0.25 degrees C respectively; mean +/- sx) (P< 0.05). Total oxygen consumption during the 30 s exercise bout was significantly greater in the active and passive warm-up trials than in the control trial (1017 +/- 22, 943 +/- 53 and 838 +/- 45 ml O2 respectively). Active warm-up resulted in a blunted blood lactate response during high-intensity exercise compared to the passive and control trials (change = 5.53 +/- 0.52, 8.09 +/- 0.57 and 7.90 +/- 0.38 mmol x l(-1) respectively) (P < 0.05). There was no difference in exercise time to exhaustion between the active, passive and control trials (43.9 +/- 4.1, 48.3 +/- 2.7 and 46.9 +/- 6.2 s respectively) (P= 0.69). These results indicate that, although the mechanism by which muscle temperature is elevated influences certain metabolic responses during subsequent high-intensity exercise, cycling performance is not significantly affected.

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The effects of passive or active warm-up upon certain physiological measures

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of active, passive or no warm-up on the physiological response to heavy exercise

Effects of active, passive or no warm-up on the physiological response to heavy exercise

The effects of various warming up intensities and durations upon some physiological variables during an exercise corresponding to the WC170

Effects of active, passive or no warm-up on metabolism and performance during high-intensity exercise

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