Effect of Iron on Phosphate Recovery from Sewage Sludge

Korving, Leon; Loosdrecht, Mark van; Wilfert, Philipp

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-8031-9_21

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Both iron and aluminum salts have been long considered as coagulants for precipitation of PO 4 3− from solution, though iron precipitation is less expensive and is more extensively used for chemical precipitation purposes (Tchobanoglous et al, 2013). Additionally, P can be efficiently mobilized from iron by natural processes in sediments and soils (Korving et al, 2019). The mechanism(s) of P removal with dosed iron is highly complex and is influenced by several factors, notably dissolved oxygen concentration (which impacts oxidation state), the presence of competing ligands, humic acid content, solution pH alkalinity, the type of P present, the use of ferric or ferrous iron salts, and sludge age of the iron (oxide) flocs (Wilfert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Recovered Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest

et al. 2019

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Redirecting anthropogenic waste phosphorus (P) flows from receiving water bodies to high P demand agricultural fields requires a resource management approach that integrates biogeochemistry, agronomy, engineering, and economics. In the US Midwest, agricultural reuse of P recovered from spatially colocated waste streams stands to reduce point‐source P discharges, meet agricultural P needs, and—depending on the speciation of recovered P—mitigate P losses from agriculture. However, the speciation of P recovered from waste streams via its chemical transformation—referred to here as recovered P (rP) differs markedly based on waste stream composition and recovery method, which can further interact with soil and crop characteristics of agricultural sinks. The solubility of rP presents key tensions between engineered P recovery and agronomic reuse because it defines both the ability to remove organic and inorganic P from aqueous streams and the crop availability of rP. The potential of rP generation and composition differs greatly among animal, municipal, and grain milling waste streams due to the aqueous speciation of P and presence of coprecipitants. Two example rP forms, phytin and struvite, engage in distinct biogeochemical processes on addition to soils that ultimately influence crop uptake and potential losses of rP. These processes also influence the fate of nitrogen (N) embodied in rP. The economics of rP generation and reuse will determine if and which rP are produced. Matching rP species to appropriate agricultural systems is critical to develop sustainable and financially viable regional exchanges of rP from wastewater treatment to agricultural end users. Core Ideas There is high potential for recovering P (rP) from point sources for agricultural reuse. rP speciation depends on recovery source and method, interacts with soils and crops. Engineering, agronomic, and economic considerations of rP are context‐specific.

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Section: Recovered Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest

et al. 2019

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“…Also, sulfide has been reported to solubilize phosphorus selectively from FePs (Fe(II)/Fe(III) oxide-P complex and Fe(II)P mineral) containing sludge, leading to the formation of ferrous sulfide as the expense of ferrous phosphate precipitates (vivianite) (Roussel & Carliell-Marquet, 2016;Takashima, 2018;Wilfert et al, 2015). The addition of iron in an anaerobic digester may be seen as a way to prevent sulfide reacting with phosphorus precipitate and therefore favor phosphorus recovery as vivianite (Korving et al, 2019;Wilfert et al, 2016). Flores-Alsina et al (2016) recently proposed a series of extensions to functionally upgrade the IWA Anaerobic Digestion Model No.…”

Section: Major Elements Biogeochemistry Interplay In Anaerobic Digestersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemistry of major elements in anaerobic digesters: carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and iron

Hullebusch¹,

Yekta²,

Çallı³

et al. 2019

Trace Elements in Anaerobic Biotechnologies

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This chapter provides an overview of the main biochemical transformations of major elements, including carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, iron and phosphorus in anaerobic digesters. Mineralization of organic matter during anaerobic digestion processes results in the production of inorganic carbonate, ammonium, sulfide, and phosphate species, which are involved in a complex network of chemical and biological reactions through interaction with available macro and micro nutrients as well as microbial processes with profound effects on the efficiency and stability of the anaerobic digester performance. The interplay of iron, phosphorus and sulfur cycles has recently attracted attention in the frame of research developed for the recovery of phosphorus on one hand and in the frame of the

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“…Struvite can also precipitate in anaerobic digestate from wastewater treatment plants with enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). − Considering that ∼55% of all sludge produced in the United States is land applied, struvite as an excellent slow release P fertilizer might enhance soil nutrient input and improve crop yield. However, the presence of Fe and Ca can interfere with struvite precipitation in anaerobic digestate, due to the strong affinity of P to Fe and the formation of Ca phosphate minerals such as hydroxyapatite (HAP). , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26−28 Considering that ∼55% of all sludge produced in the United States is land applied, 29 struvite as an excellent slow release P fertilizer 30 might enhance soil nutrient input and improve crop yield. However, the presence of Fe and Ca can interfere with struvite precipitation in anaerobic digestate, due to the strong affinity of P to Fe 31 and the formation of Ca phosphate minerals such as hydroxyapatite (HAP). 32,33 For sequential HT-AD, the formation of vivianite vs struvite at each step (i.e., HT hydrochar and final AD solids) and the influencing factors are poorly understood.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Prestage Hydrothermal Treatment on the Formation of Struvite vs Vivianite during Semicontinuous Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge

Wang

Liu

Jung

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) with prestage hydrothermal treatment (HT) is an emerging strategy for the sustainable management of sewage sludge and recovery of valuable resources. Both struvite and vivianite can be precipitated during AD process and serve as two important phases for phosphorus (P) and/or nitrogen (N) recovery. Yet the effect of HT conditions on the phase selection and precipitation of struvite vs vivianite in the subsequent AD process remains unclear. This study investigated the evolution and mineralization of P and N in sewage sludge during AD with prestage HT using complementary chemical extraction and X-ray spectroscopy characterizations. Influencing factors such as sludge type and HT temperature were explored. For raw sludge with high molar ratio of Mg/Fe (5.9), HT did not induce the formation of struvite in the HT-derived hydrochars, because the acidic pH of HT slurries was similar to that in the raw sludge. Struvite was observed during the AD of low temperature (90 and 125 °C) HT slurries due to the reaction of Mg-phosphate phases with high concentration of NH 4 + at pH > 7. For HT slurries prepared at 155 °C, the pH was always below 7 during the subsequent AD process, preventing struvite precipitation in the AD solids. For raw sludge with low molar ratio of Mg/Fe (1.1), HT at 90 and 125 °C induced the formation of vivianite in the hydrochars, as compared to the formation of strengite at 155 °C HT. In comparison with the corresponding hydrochars, more vivianite was precipitated during the subsequent AD via microbial reduction of Fe(III) species. Results from this study suggest that the formation of struvite or vivianite in the final AD solids is highly dependent on the Mg/Fe molar ratio and/or the pH of AD suspensions. Meanwhile, both HT and AD also strongly affected N speciation evolution in sewage sludge. Along with the release of large amounts of ammonia, HT favored the accumulation of quaternary-and pyrrole-N in the hydrochars, while only pyrrole-N was enriched in the AD solids. This study sheds light on the recycling and reclamation of P and N during HT-AD of sewage sludge.

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Effect of Iron on Phosphate Recovery from Sewage Sludge

Cited by 14 publications

References 101 publications

Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest

Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest

Biogeochemistry of major elements in anaerobic digesters: carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and iron

Effect of Prestage Hydrothermal Treatment on the Formation of Struvite vs Vivianite during Semicontinuous Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge

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