2014
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-8739-0_2
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Abstract: The high surface area to volume ratio of nanoparticles usually results in highly reactive and colloidal instability compared to their bulk counterparts. Aggregation as well as many other transformations (e.g., dissolution) in the environment may alter the physiochemical properties, reactivity, fate, transport, and biological interactions (e.g., bioavailability and uptake) of nanoparticles. The unique properties pertinent to nanoparticles, such as shape, size, surface characteristics, composition, and electroni… Show more

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Cited by 145 publications
(102 citation statements)
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“…IONPs have a low stability without surface modifications and easily form aggregates. Physical dimension and density of the aggregates significantly affect the reactive surface area, reactivity, bioavailability and toxicity [57]. Surface coating of IONPs increases stability and provides space and functional groups for Reproduced with permission from [18] © the Royal Society of Chemistry (2014).…”
Section: Surface Propertiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…IONPs have a low stability without surface modifications and easily form aggregates. Physical dimension and density of the aggregates significantly affect the reactive surface area, reactivity, bioavailability and toxicity [57]. Surface coating of IONPs increases stability and provides space and functional groups for Reproduced with permission from [18] © the Royal Society of Chemistry (2014).…”
Section: Surface Propertiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Biocolloids include viruses, bacteria, proteins, DNA, spores, algae, protozoa and other microorganisms [45][46][47][48][49]. Biocolloids are of significant interest in the fate and transport of contaminants in aqueous phase, not only in groundwater, but also in surface water [45,50].…”
Section: Biocolloid Geocolloid and Natural Organic Mattermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Biocolloids are of significant interest in the fate and transport of contaminants in aqueous phase, not only in groundwater, but also in surface water [45,50]. Similar with inorganic colloids (e.g., clays, aluminoscilicates and iron oxyhydroxides), biocolloids can alter the aggregation and dispersion behavior of nanomaterials [46][47][48].…”
Section: Biocolloid Geocolloid and Natural Organic Mattermentioning
confidence: 99%
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