The Physiological Effects of 3,5′,3′-Triiodo-l-thyronine Alone or Combined with Cortisol on Cultured Pavement Cell Epithelia from Freshwater Rainbow Trout Gills

Kelly, Scott P.; Wood, Chris M.

doi:10.1006/gcen.2001.7679

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This is in line with several other studies Kelly and Wood, 2001a;Kelly and Wood, 2001b). Also PRD was unchanged after 24h exposure to FW.…”

Section: Claudin 28b Tight Junction Fluorescence Correlates With Epitsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Also PRD was unchanged after 24h exposure to FW. A similar result was also obtained for PEG (polyethylene glycol) permeability in one study , whereas PEG permeability was found to double in two other studies (Kelly and Wood, 2001a;Kelly and Wood, 2001b). In line with our observations on TER, claudin 28b fluorescence in the tight junction was unchanged compared with pre-stress values.…”

Section: Claudin 28b Tight Junction Fluorescence Correlates With Epitsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…However, with the use of SSI cultures it could be shown that, although the cultures consisted exclusively of pavement cells, these epithelia also changed their tightness. For example, when incubated with synthetic FW, SSI cultures transiently increased TER Kelly and Wood, 2001a;Kelly and Wood, 2001b;Wood and Pärt, 1997) whereas, to our knowledge, the effect of hyperosmotic saline or SW applied apically to SSI cultures was never addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Claudin 28b and F-actin are involved in rainbow trout gill pavement cell tight junction remodeling under osmotic stress

Sandbichler

Egg

Schwerte

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYPermeability of rainbow trout gill pavement cells cultured on permeable supports (single seeded inserts) changes upon exposure to freshwater or treatment with cortisol. The molecular components of this change are largely unknown, but tight junctions that regulate the paracellular pathway are prime candidates in this adaptational process. Using differential display polymerase chain reaction we found a set of 17 differentially regulated genes in trout pavement cells that had been exposed to freshwater apically for 24h. Five genes were related to the cell-cell contact. One of these genes was isolated and identified as encoding claudin 28b, an integral component of the tight junction. Immunohistochemical reactivity to claudin 28b protein was concentrated in a circumferential ring colocalized to the cortical F-actin ring. To study the contribution of this isoform to changes in transepithelial resistance and Phenol Red diffusion under apical hypo-or hyperosmotic exposure we quantified the fluorescence signal of this claudin isoform in immunohistochemical stainings together with the fluorescence of phalloidin-probed F-actin. Upon hypoosmotic stress claudin 28b fluorescence and epithelial tightness remained stable. Under hyperosmotic stress, the presence of claudin 28b at the junction significantly decreased, and epithelial tightness was severely reduced. Cortical F-actin fluorescence increased upon hypo-osmotic stress, whereas hyperosmotic stress led to a separation of cortical F-actin rings and the number of apical crypt-like pores increased. Addition of cortisol to the basolateral medium attenuated cortical F-actin separation and pore formation during hyperosmotic stress and reduced claudin 28b in junctions except after recovery of cells from exposure to freshwater. Our results showed that short-term salinity stress response in cultured trout gill cells was dependent on a dynamic remodeling of tight junctions, which involves claudin 28b and the supporting F-actin ring.

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“…This is in line with several other studies Kelly and Wood, 2001a;Kelly and Wood, 2001b). Also PRD was unchanged after 24h exposure to FW.…”

Section: Claudin 28b Tight Junction Fluorescence Correlates With Epitsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Claudin 28b Tight Junction Fluorescence Correlates With Epitsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Claudin 28b and F-actin are involved in rainbow trout gill pavement cell tight junction remodeling under osmotic stress

Sandbichler

Egg

Schwerte

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Adapted with kind permission from The Journal of Experimental Biology (Fletcher et al, 2000). , 1997;Fletcher et al, 2000;Carlsson and Pärt, 2001;Smith et al, 2001;Kelly and Wood, 2001a;Kelly and Wood, 2001c;Kelly and Wood, 2002a;Shahsavarani et al, 2006;Jönsson et al, 2006;Chasiotis et al, 2010;Sandbichler et al, 2011a;Sandbichler et al, 2011b;Kelly and Chasiotis, 2011;Kolosov and Kelly, 2013 Depending on the quality of the data available, e.g. whether the data are acute or chronic and whether the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) plots are representative of a large range of species and taxa, a further assessment (or safety) factor (e.g.…”

Section: Toxicity Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these treatments have had very little effect on active influx rates in asymmetrical conditions with either SSI or DSI (Gilmour et al, 1998;Kelly and Wood, 2001a;Kelly and Wood, 2002a;Kelly and Wood, 2002b), suggesting that another stimulus is required to activate active ion uptake processes in these cells. Interestingly, T3 on SSI and DSI and prolactin on DSI stimulates the activity of Na + /K + -ATPase activity, an enzyme associated with the basolateral membrane and involved in the transfer of Na + from the cell to the circulation in freshwater fishes (Kelly and Wood, 2001a;Kelly and Wood, 2002a). Treatment of SSI or DSI with cortisol causes an increase in TER and a decrease in membrane permeability, which is reflected in lower unidirectional Na + and Cl -fluxes (Kelly and Wood, 2002b).…”

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confidence: 97%

Gill cell culture systems as models for aquatic environmental monitoring

Bury

Schnell

Högstrand

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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A vast number of chemicals require environmental safety assessments for market authorisation. To ensure acceptable water quality, effluents and natural waters are monitored for their potential harmful effects. Tests for market authorisation and environmental monitoring usually involve the use of large numbers of organisms and, for ethical, cost and logistic reasons, there is a drive to develop alternative methods that can predict toxicity to fish without the need to expose any animals. There is therefore a great interest in the potential to use cultured fish cells in chemical toxicity testing. This review summarises the advances made in the area and focuses in particular on a system of cultured fish gill cells grown into an epithelium that permits direct treatment with water samples. KEY WORDS: FIGCS, Biomonitoring, Environmental risk assessment, Fish, In vitro, Toxicology IntroductionThe Industrial Revolution caused a rapid rise in the use of raw materials and urbanisation as the populace moved to the cities for employment. Since this time, there has been a continuous increase in living standards that to a large part has been fuelled by innovations within the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. Life expectancy has increased as a result of great advances in medical practices and effective drugs against many fatal diseases. The increase in life expectancy has seen the population of the world grow, reaching 7 billion in 2012, and to feed this population there have been great advances in agricultural productivity partly via the development of pesticides and nitrate/phosphate-based fertilisers. These activities have altered the geochemical cycling of elements, increasing or decreasing concentrations in earth system compartments and increasing global distribution (Doney, 2010). Anthropogenic activities have left a cumulative and lasting impression on the biosphere -so much so that geologists have termed the current epoch the anthropocene (Zalasiewicz et al., 2010).The increase in agricultural and industrial production and consumption of raw materials has resulted in the creation of vast amounts of waste that enters the aquatic ecosystem. An acknowledgement of the decline in environmental quality due to contaminants has led to the development of environmental quality standards (EQS) in many countries, and to assess whether these standards are being adhered to, many jurisdictions also have a programme of waste water effluent testing (WET) and/or biomonitoring. The EQS are derived from toxicity tests that use numerous organisms per compound, and in order to set standards several species are tested. In the USA ~3 million fish are used in WET procedures (see Tanneberger et al., 2013). There is a move towards reducing the number of animals used in research and toxicology studies and there are a number of international initiatives aimed at investigating the 3Rs -reduction, replacement and refinement -in animal research (for example, see http://www.nc3rs.org.uk/). Within the context of the need to determine EQS fo...

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Studies on lipid metabolism in trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) branchial cultures

et al. 2002

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Cultured branchial cell epithelia from freshwater rainbow trout were incubated with ((32)P)phosphate and ((14)C)acetate as lipid precursors under both symmetrical (L15 media apical/L15 media basolateral) and asymmetrical (freshwater apical/L15 media basolateral) culture conditions. Epithelia composed of pavement cells alone, or containing both pavement cells and chloride cells, were examined. Lipids (labeled with (32)P and (14)C) were isolated and assayed by thinlayer chromatography, and fatty acids (labeled with (14)C) were isolated and assayed by paper chromatography. The main goal was to see whether the loss of a major incorporation into ((32)P)phosphatidylethanolamine [((32)P)PE], previously seen in eel gills in vivo when the fish were transferred from an osmotic steady state to more dilute media, was the result of a hormonal regulation, i.e., did it only apply to gill tissue in vivo or could it also be seen in the absence of hormonal modulation after incorporation of ((32)P)phosphate in vitro? We likewise wished to see whether a major incorporation into ((32)P)PE was dependent upon the presence of chloride cells. Results show that it is possible to obtain a ((32)P)PE dominated incorporation pattern, even in the pavement cells alone, provided that ((32)P)phosphate is added specifically to freshwater on the apical side of epithelia bathed asymmetrically (freshwater/L15). This is identical to the pattern seen in vivo in trout adapted to freshwater. However, this pattern is not seen under symmetrical conditions (L15/L15) or when ((32)P)phosphate is added to the basolateral media. The shift from symmetrical (L15/L15) to asymmetrical (freshwater/L15) culture conditions thus leads to the establishment of a major incorporation into ((32)P)PE and not to the equivalent loss as seen in vivo in more dilute apical media. We conclude that hormonal control is not needed to change the pattern of short-term lipid formation but, nevertheless, the responses are not altogether the same in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, cultured trout gill epithelia, in contrast to gills in vivo, do not exhibit a marked incorporation of ((14)C)acetate into palmitoleic acid.

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The Physiological Effects of 3,5′,3′-Triiodo-l-thyronine Alone or Combined with Cortisol on Cultured Pavement Cell Epithelia from Freshwater Rainbow Trout Gills

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

Claudin 28b and F-actin are involved in rainbow trout gill pavement cell tight junction remodeling under osmotic stress

Claudin 28b and F-actin are involved in rainbow trout gill pavement cell tight junction remodeling under osmotic stress

Gill cell culture systems as models for aquatic environmental monitoring

Studies on lipid metabolism in trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) branchial cultures

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