Global warming: review on driving forces and mitigation

Abstract

Global warming is one of the major consequences of the human activities where the overuse of fossil fuels as energy resources caused the increase in the concentration of the greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as CO2, CH4, N2O, and water vapor, in the atmosphere causing the increase in the average surface temperature of the earth. This article reviews the driving forces of global warming and highlights the major contributors to this phenomenon and presents some of the mitigation techniques. Water vapor is responsible for two‐third of the global warming; however, CO2 is considered as the controlling factor of the global warming. In other words, if the concentration of CO2 did not increase, global warming would not have happened. Scientists claim that doubling or halving the CO2 in the atmosphere causes the change in the average surface temperature of the earth by +3.8 °C or −3.6 °C, respectively. However, this amount of change depends on the change in the humidity of the air which in return depends on the air's temperature. Conversely, even though the other GHGs such as CH4 and N2O have stronger ability to absorb the radiation, their contribution in the global warming is insignificant because of their low concentration in the atmosphere compared with CO2. The adoption of the mitigation and adaptation strategies at the same time is the most effective economic and technical solution for the global warming issue. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38: 13–21, 2019

Floating solar power plant for sustainable development: A techno‐economic analysis

“…The power quality is determined by this ratio and it is dependent on the solar insolation, shading, and angle of orientation of the solar panels. Mathematically the ratio is given by Equation (1). The performance analysis of the plant is given in year and is used for simulation.…”

“…Therefore, there is a need to find alternate energy sources that can generate clean, green, and affordable power to meet the ever increasing energy demand. Economically viable strategies must be adopted to mitigate greenhouse gases and reduce global warming …”

“…Economically viable strategies must be adopted to mitigate greenhouse gases and reduce global warming. 1 A viable alternative is to use solar energy as a source of energy generation. Sun is an eternal source of energy and the conversion of solar energy to electrical energy is one of the most popular choices to meet up the energy demand of the growing economies.…”

Erratum

“…The authors regret the use of incorrect data in the reporting of the atmospheric composition in . Our error came about because of a rounding error reported in the composition at https://climate.ncsu.edu/edu/Composition.…”

Techno‐economic feasibility analysis of stand‐alone hybrid wind/photovoltaic/diesel/battery system for the electrification of remote rural areas: Case study Persian Gulf Coast‐Iran

“…To reduce fossil fuel use and the associated environmental impact, solar, wind, biomass, and mini‐hydro are some of the renewable energy resources that are currently being used worldwide for electricity generation . In 2011, the UN launched a new initiative to encourage nations to generate clean energy . As a result, many countries have initiated strategic initiatives to reduce their GHG emissions .…”