2012
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200363
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Abstract: Carbonaceous solid (CS) catalysts with --SO₃H, --COOH, and phenolic --OH groups were prepared by incomplete hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose followed by either sulfonation with H₂SO₄ to give carbonaceous sulfonated solid (CSS) material or by both chemical activation with KOH and sulfonation to give activated carbonaceous sulfonated solid (a-CSS) material. The obtained carbon products (CS, CSS, and a-CSS) were amorphous; the CSS material had a small surface area (<0.5 m² g⁻¹) and a high --SO₃H group conc… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
1
1
1
1

Citation Types

3
105
0

Year Published

2014
2014
2019
2019

Publication Types

Select...
7
1
1

Relationship

0
9

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 157 publications
(108 citation statements)
references
References 35 publications
3
105
0
Order By: Relevance
“…1b) demonstrates bands at 1008 cm -1 , 1033 cm -1 , and 1173 cm -1 , which are consistent with SO3H groups Geng et al 2011). In addition, phenolic C-OH, C=C, C=O, OH stretching vibration, and carboxylic C-OH bending vibration bands appear at 1225 cm -1 , 1618 cm -1 , 1733 cm -1 , 2995 cm -1 , and 1430 cm -1 , respectively, demonstrating the presence of COOH (2) ( 1) and phenolic OH groups on the surface of the catalyst (Weng 2010;Fu et al 2012;Qi et al 2012). XPS analysis (Fig.…”
Section: Catalyst Characterizationsupporting
confidence: 60%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…1b) demonstrates bands at 1008 cm -1 , 1033 cm -1 , and 1173 cm -1 , which are consistent with SO3H groups Geng et al 2011). In addition, phenolic C-OH, C=C, C=O, OH stretching vibration, and carboxylic C-OH bending vibration bands appear at 1225 cm -1 , 1618 cm -1 , 1733 cm -1 , 2995 cm -1 , and 1430 cm -1 , respectively, demonstrating the presence of COOH (2) ( 1) and phenolic OH groups on the surface of the catalyst (Weng 2010;Fu et al 2012;Qi et al 2012). XPS analysis (Fig.…”
Section: Catalyst Characterizationsupporting
confidence: 60%
“…After each test cycle, the recovered catalyst was washed with ethanol and dried at 100 °C for 6 h before the next run. As is shown in Fig.7, a 92.1% HMF yield was achieved in the first run, demonstrating that SBC is more efficient than sulfonated carbon derived from cellulose with an 83% HMF yield in [BMIM][Cl] (Qi et al 2012), sulfonated carbon derived from lignin with an 84% HMF yield in DMSO-[BMIM][Cl] mixture and graphite oxide (GO) with a 60.8% HMF yield in DMSO (Nie et al 2014). It is also comparable with macroporous strong-acid resin D001-cc with a 93.0% HMF yield in [BMIM][Cl] .…”
Section: Reusability Of Catalystmentioning
confidence: 78%
“…To further probe such effects, Qi et al [ 33 ] prepared two kinds of carbonaceous catalysts functionalized with -SO 3 H, -COOH, and phenolic -OH groups by incomplete hydrothermal carbonization of cellulose, followed either by sulfonation with H 2 SO 4 (CSS) or by chemical activation with KOH and subsequent sulfonation (A-CSS). Through pretreatment with KOH, the surface morphology of CS changes drastically, as shown in Fig.…”
Section: Carbon-based Solid Acid Catalystsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, it can be employed for producing biofuels and fuel additives (e.g., 2-methyltetrahydrofuran) [7], and as a key intermediate in the synthesis of fine chemicals (e.g., pentenoic acid and α-methylene-γ-valerolactone (MeGVL)), as shown in Scheme 1 [8,9]. Typically, GVL can be prepared from lignocellulose via sequential catalytic pathways involving various reactions such as hydrolysis, isomerization, dehydration, etherification, esterification, hydrogenation, and lactonization [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Amongst these conversion processes, cascade hydrogenation and cyclization were deemed in recent years as the key step in catalytically upgrading levulinic acid and its esters to GVL [17,18].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%