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Tendon injuries, often leading to debilitating adhesions, pose significant challenges in clinical practice. Conventional treatments have limitations, necessitating novel strategies. Injectable hydrogels, known for their biocompatibility, have shown promise. To enhance their antiadhesive properties, researchers have started incorporating drugs. Existing drug delivery systems often peak in the initial days, falling short during the fibroblast proliferation phase which occurs ≈1 week after injury. In this research, CI1040 is selected as an antiadhesion drug, encapsulated within zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8(ZIF‐8), and incorporated into oxidized hyaluronic acid/N‐carboxyethyl chitosan(OHA/CEC) hydrogel(Gel), resulting in the synthesis of CI1040@ZIF@Gel. This unique pH‐responsive drug release system involves encapsulating CI1040 within ZIF‐8, a substance that degrades under acidic conditions while remaining stable in physiological environments. This system selectively releases the drug during the fibroblast proliferation phase, responding to the localized pH reduction post‐tendon injury. CI1040@ZIF@Gel exerted a 65% inhibition on extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, reducing the production of collagen types III (Col III) in the adhesion area by 56%. These results indicate that CI1040@ZIF@Gel can effectively inhibit fibroblast proliferation and adhesion through the interleukin 9 receptor/mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase(IL9r/MEK/ERK) pathway, while also acting as a physical barrier to prevent the formation of tendon adhesion.
Tendon injuries, often leading to debilitating adhesions, pose significant challenges in clinical practice. Conventional treatments have limitations, necessitating novel strategies. Injectable hydrogels, known for their biocompatibility, have shown promise. To enhance their antiadhesive properties, researchers have started incorporating drugs. Existing drug delivery systems often peak in the initial days, falling short during the fibroblast proliferation phase which occurs ≈1 week after injury. In this research, CI1040 is selected as an antiadhesion drug, encapsulated within zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8(ZIF‐8), and incorporated into oxidized hyaluronic acid/N‐carboxyethyl chitosan(OHA/CEC) hydrogel(Gel), resulting in the synthesis of CI1040@ZIF@Gel. This unique pH‐responsive drug release system involves encapsulating CI1040 within ZIF‐8, a substance that degrades under acidic conditions while remaining stable in physiological environments. This system selectively releases the drug during the fibroblast proliferation phase, responding to the localized pH reduction post‐tendon injury. CI1040@ZIF@Gel exerted a 65% inhibition on extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, reducing the production of collagen types III (Col III) in the adhesion area by 56%. These results indicate that CI1040@ZIF@Gel can effectively inhibit fibroblast proliferation and adhesion through the interleukin 9 receptor/mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase(IL9r/MEK/ERK) pathway, while also acting as a physical barrier to prevent the formation of tendon adhesion.
Egg oil from Portunus trituberculatus (Pt-egg oil) can overcome insulin resistance resulting from abundant bioactive lipids. However, its effects on obesity and gut microbiota were unclear. Here, we evaluated whether Pt-egg oil could improve obesity and gut microbiota or not in high-fat diet feeding mice. Results exhibited that Pt-egg oil markedly reduced body weight and adipose weight gain, improved lipid accumulation and circulatory cytokines, inhibited epididymal adipose cell size. Moreover, Pt-egg oil modified gut microbiota, involving decreases in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and increase in Verrucomicrobia phylum. Pt-egg oil reduced serum and fecal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels and down-regulated Toll-like receptor 4 pathway in both epididymal adipose and liver tissues. Meanwhile, Pt-egg oil increased short chain fatty acids and up-regulated of G-protein-coupled receptors in both epididymal adipose and liver tissues. These suggest that Pt-egg oil could be alternative food supplement for the prophylactic effects on anti-obesity and improvement in human gut health.
Background The 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic has added to the mental health strain on individuals and groups across the world in a variety of ways. Viral mitigation protocols and viral spread affect people on all continents every day, but at widely different degrees. To understand more about the mental health consequences of the pandemic, it is important to investigate whether or how people gather pandemic-related information and how obtaining this information differentially affects individuals. Objective This study aimed to investigate whether and to what extent higher levels of COVID-19–related media consumption across information sources are associated with the symptoms of anxiety, health anxiety, and depression, and whether and to what extent using social media and online interactive platforms versus traditional media platforms is associated with the symptoms of anxiety, health anxiety, and depression. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether and to what extent avoidance of COVID-19–related information is associated with the aforementioned symptoms. Methods In a cross-sectional preregistered survey, 4936 participants responded between June 22 and July 13, 2020. Eligible participants were adults currently residing in Norway and were thus subjected to identical viral mitigation protocols. This sample was representative of the Norwegian population after utilizing an iterative raking algorithm to conduct poststratification. As 2 subgroups (transgender and intersex individuals) were too small to be analyzed, the final sample for descriptive statistics and regressions included 4921 participants. Multiple regressions were used to investigate associations between the symptoms of psychopathology and COVID-19–related information dissemination. Part correlations were calculated as measures of the effect size for each predictor variable. Due to the large anticipated sample size, the preregistered criterion for significance was set at P<.01. Results The symptoms of anxiety and health anxiety were significantly associated with obtaining information from newspapers (P<.001), social media (P<.001), and the broader categories of online interactive (P<.001) and traditional media (P<.001). The symptoms of depression were significantly associated with obtaining information from newspapers (P=.003), social media (P=.009), and the broader category of online interactive media (P<.001). Additionally, avoidance of COVID-19–related information showed a significant association in all 3 domains of psychopathological symptoms (anxiety and depression, P<.001; health anxiety, P=.007). Conclusions This study found significant associations between the symptoms of psychopathology and the use of media for obtaining information related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Significant findings for obtaining information through newspapers, social media, and online interactive media were seen across all 3 measures of psychopathology. Avoidance of COVID-19–related information and associations with the symptoms of psychopathology emerged as core findings, with generally higher effect sizes compared with information attainment. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04442360; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04442360
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