Recent Progress of the Solid‐State Electrolytes for High‐Energy Metal‐Based Batteries

Fan, Lei; Wei, Shuya; Liu, Siyuan; Li, Qi; Lü, Yingying

doi:10.1002/aenm.201702657

Cited by 882 publications

(562 citation statements)

References 263 publications

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“…Round disks cut from PCNF mats were employed as the working electrodes while lithium disks with the same size were used as the counter electrode and a fixed amount of electrolyte was added into the coin cell. [6,10] Figure S7 (Supporting Information) shows the CEs of lithium plating/stripping on copper foil: the CE sharply dropped to ≈80% in the first 10 cycles, signifying failure of the electrode due to the formation of dead Li. A current of 1 mA cm −2 was then applied to the cell for 1 h to electroplate 1 mA h cm −2 of Li metal on the PCNF electrodes.…”

Section: Electrochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] While developing cathodes for the next-generation batteries has made a significant progress, relatively fewer research efforts have thus far been devoted to Li metal anodes because of the formation of Li dendrites which is considered a critical drawback instigating devastating safety issues of batteries. These new anodes promise an almost 100% increase in practical energy density compared to those of conventional LIB counterparts.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Correlation between Li Plating Behavior and Surface Characteristics of Carbon Matrix toward Stable Li Metal Anodes

Cui

Yao

Ihsan‐Ul‐Haq

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

110

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anodes. These new anodes promise an almost 100% increase in practical energy density compared to those of conventional LIB counterparts. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] While developing cathodes for the next-generation batteries has made a significant progress, relatively fewer research efforts have thus far been devoted to Li metal anodes because of the formation of Li dendrites which is considered a critical drawback instigating devastating safety issues of batteries. [10] Along with recent studies on Li plating behaviors, there have been renewed interests in developing Li metal anodes. [11][12][13] In particular, the dendrite-free Li metal anode was made possible by rationally designing the electrolyte composition and electrode morphologies. [14,15] Nevertheless, the current Li metal anodes are far from being viable because of several reasons. Namely, (1) the dendritic Li emerges when the current density raises above the percolation value; (2) the Coulombic efficiencies (CEs) of Li metal anodes are too low to maintain good cyclic stability of batteries; and (3) the design of Li metal anodes is still inadequate, making it difficult to integrate into the existing LIB configurations, such as pouch and cylindrical cells. [12] Most of the strategies currently exercised for dendrite-free Li metal anodes usually fail to resolve all the above mentioned issues. For example, the all-solid-state Li-metal battery requires certain prestress to reduce the interfacial resistance between the solid-state electrolyte and the electrode, but such a prestress is difficult to apply on pouch cells. [16,17] The feasibility of artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) protection on Li foil remains doubtful because the Li foil alone cannot be used as current collector in practical cells due to its hostless nature and huge volume changes during the repeated cycles. [11,18] Among all potential strategies, the incorporation of conductive substrates to function as both the Li host and current collector is considered an ideal approach for further development of practical Li metal anodes. [19] The growth of Li dendrites at high current densities was mitigated by means of reduced local current densities using conductive substrates. [12] Moreover, the conductive substrates also functioned as the current collector, which is compatible with the existing LIB configurations. While copper has been widely studied as the matrix material for hosting Li metal, carbon is considered a more promising candidate than copper Carbonaceous materials are widely employed to host Li for stable and safe Li metal batteries while relatively little effort is devoted to tailoring the surface properties of carbon to facilitate uniform Li plating. Herein, the correlation between Li plating behavior and the surface characteristics of electrospun porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) is systemically elucidated through experiments and theoretical calculations. It is revealed that the neat carbon surface suffers from severe lattice mismatch with Li metal, hindering uniform Li plating....

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Section: Electrochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Li Plating Behavior and Surface Characteristics of Carbon Matrix toward Stable Li Metal Anodes

Cui

Yao

Ihsan‐Ul‐Haq

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

110

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“…[1][2][3][4] Unfortunately, LIBs still suffer from several drawbacks such as limited power density, high cost, and poor safety. [1][2][3][4] Unfortunately, LIBs still suffer from several drawbacks such as limited power density, high cost, and poor safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single‐Ion Conducting Electrolyte Based on Electrospun Nanofibers for High‐Performance Lithium Batteries

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

118

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Herein, a novel electrospun single‐ion conducting polymer electrolyte (SIPE) composed of nanoscale mixed poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) and lithium poly(4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfone, bis(4‐carbonyl benzene sulfonyl)imide) (LiPSI) is reported, which simultaneously overcomes the drawbacks of the polyolefin‐based separator (low porosity and poor electrolyte wettability and thermal dimensional stability) and the LiPF6 salt (poor thermal stability and moisture sensitivity). The electrospun nanofiber membrane (es‐PVPSI) has high porosity and appropriate mechanical strength. The fully aromatic polyamide backbone enables high thermal dimensional stability of es‐PVPSI membrane even at 300 °C, while the high polarity and high porosity ensures fast electrolyte wetting. Impregnation of the membrane with the ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (v:v = 1:1) solvent mixture yields a SIPE offering wide electrochemical stability, good ionic conductivity, and high lithium‐ion transference number. Based on the above‐mentioned merits, Li/LiFePO4 cells using such a SIPE exhibit excellent rate capacity and outstanding electrochemical stability for 1000 cycles at least, indicating that such an electrolyte can replace the conventional liquid electrolyte–polyolefin combination in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In addition, the long‐term stripping–plating cycling test coupled with scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of lithium foil clearly confirms that the es‐PVPSI membrane is capable of suppressing lithium dendrite growth, which is fundamental for its use in high‐energy Li metal batteries.

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“…Thus, efforts are needed to optimize the performance of SIC ‐BCEs both in fundamental studies and materials design. According to various recent reviews and from our own knowledge of BCEs, we may tentatively suggest the SIC ‐BCE structure shown in Fig. , with (a) short PEO side chains for high mobility, (b) super‐delocalized sulfonylimide anions for improving ionic conductivity at room temperature, (c) low T g flexible backbone for promoting chain motion, (d) flexible spacer, (e) hydrophobic block for imparting mechanical strength and inducing self‐assembly and (f) crosslinked sites to allow for post‐crosslinking after self‐assembly of block copolymers and the possibility of adding plasticizer while preserving self‐standing character and hence increasing ionic conductivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Poly(ethylene oxide)‐based block copolymer electrolytes for lithium metal batteries

Phan

Issa

Gigmès

2018

Polymer International

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Nanostructured block copolymer electrolytes (BCEs) based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) are considered as promising candidates for solid‐state electrolytes in high energy density lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Because of their self‐assembly properties, they confer on electrolytes both high mechanical strength and sufficient ionic conductivity, which linear PEO cannot provide. Two types of PEO‐based BCEs are commonly known. There are the traditional ones, also called dual‐ion conducting BCEs, which are a mixture of block copolymer chains and lithium salts. In these systems, the cations and anions participate in the conduction, inducing a concentration polarization in the electrolyte, thus leading to poor performances of LMBs. The second family of BCEs are single‐lithium‐ion conducting BCEs (SIC‐BCEs), which consist of anions being covalently grafted to the polymer backbone, therefore involving conduction by lithium ions only. SIC‐BCEs have marked advantages over dual‐ion conducting BCEs due to a high lithium ion transference number, absence of anion concentration gradients as well as low rate of lithium dendrite growth. This review focuses on the recent developments in BCEs for applications in LMBs with particular emphasis on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of these materials. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Recent Progress of the Solid‐State Electrolytes for High‐Energy Metal‐Based Batteries

Cited by 882 publications

References 263 publications

Correlation between Li Plating Behavior and Surface Characteristics of Carbon Matrix toward Stable Li Metal Anodes

Correlation between Li Plating Behavior and Surface Characteristics of Carbon Matrix toward Stable Li Metal Anodes

Single‐Ion Conducting Electrolyte Based on Electrospun Nanofibers for High‐Performance Lithium Batteries

Poly(ethylene oxide)‐based block copolymer electrolytes for lithium metal batteries

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