“…11 In addition, they may also have structural variety that can be determined using spectroscopic techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, in which significant differences can be found between amorphous C-dots 12 and GQDs. 13 Photoluminescent GQDs and C-dots are touted for their properties, such as small sizes, intrinsic and stable photoluminescence, biocompatibility, and ease of surface derivitization 11 while showing promise for applications such as chromatographic stationary phases, 14 drug-delivery vehicles, 15 photothermal therapies, 16 photocatalysis, 17 bioimaging, 4 and chemical sensing. 18 Graphene oxide nanosheets are also cited for use in similar applications, including intracellular drug delivery and cellular imaging; 19 in addition, graphene oxide can be chemically converted to graphene, 20 which has a host of exciting applications and fascinating properties that have been at the center of research and innovation in recent years.…”