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Craine, Joseph M.; Wedin, David A.; ChapinIII, F. Stuart

doi:10.1023/a:1004417419288

Cited by 214 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Nevertheless, our results agree well with previous studies where rapid changes in allocation strategy were observed in response to drought (Sanaullah et al, 2012;Huang and Fu, 2000;Barthel et al, 2011a;Ruehr et al, 2009;Palta and Gregory, 1997) as well as with shading or clipping experiments (Craine et al, 1998;Wan and Luo, 2003;Bahn et al, 2009;Bahn et al, 2013). For example, CO 2 efflux was often clearly reduced in response to the respective treatment in these grassland clipping and shading experiments (Craine et al, 1998;Wan and Luo, 2003;Bahn et al, 2009), while no change in allocation speed was observed in a mountain grassland in response to shading, presumably to maintain allocation below ground under shading at the expense of above-ground carbon pools (Bahn et al, 2013).…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…For example, CO 2 efflux was often clearly reduced in response to the respective treatment in these grassland clipping and shading experiments (Craine et al, 1998;Wan and Luo, 2003;Bahn et al, 2009), while no change in allocation speed was observed in a mountain grassland in response to shading, presumably to maintain allocation below ground under shading at the expense of above-ground carbon pools (Bahn et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Thus, it is likely that grasslands also have different responses to drought in terms of short-term carbon cycling and below-ground carbon allocation compared to forests. While several studies addressed the effect of clipping or shading on carbon allocation and found photosynthesis to be an immediate source for soil CO 2 efflux (Craine et al, 1998;Wan and Luo, 2003;Bahn et al, 2009), none of them has investigated the impact of drought under field conditions so far. Drought-effects on below-ground carbon allocation of grasses have only been studied under laboratory conditions (Sanaullah et al, 2012;Huang and Fu, 2000), where a proportionally higher allocation to roots in response to drought had been found.…”

Section: S Burri Et Al: Drought Impact On Short-term Carbon Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of extreme summer drought on the short-term carbon coupling of photosynthesis to soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a temperate grassland

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Along with predicted climate change, increased risks for summer drought are projected for Central Europe. However, large knowledge gaps exist in terms of how drought events influence the short-term ecosystem carbon cycle. Here, we present results from 13 CO 2 pulse labeling experiments at an intensively managed lowland grassland in Switzerland. We investigated the effect of extreme summer drought on the short-term coupling of freshly assimilated photosynthates in shoots to roots as well as to soil CO 2 efflux.Summer drought was simulated using rainout shelters during two field seasons (2010 and 2011). Soil CO 2 efflux and its isotopic composition were measured with custombuilt chambers coupled to a quantum cascade laser spectrometer (QCLAS-ISO, Aerodyne Research Inc., MA, USA). During the 90 min pulse labeling experiments, we added 99.9 atom % 13 CO 2 to the grass sward. In addition to the isotopic analysis of soil CO 2 efflux, this label was traced over 31 days into bulk shoots, roots and soil.Drought reduced the incorporation of recently fixed carbon into the shoots, but increased the relative allocation of fresh assimilates below ground compared to the control grasslands. Contrary to our hypothesis, we did not find a change of allocation speed in response to drought. Although drought clearly reduced soil CO 2 efflux rates, about 75 % of total tracer uptake in control plots was lost via soil CO 2 efflux during 19 days after pulse labeling, compared to only about 60 % under drought conditions. Thus, the short-term coupling of above-and below-ground processes was reduced in response to summer drought. The occurrence of a natural spring drought in 2011 lead to comparable albeit weaker drought responses increasing the confidence in the generalizability of our findings.

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supporting

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: S Burri Et Al: Drought Impact On Short-term Carbon Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of extreme summer drought on the short-term carbon coupling of photosynthesis to soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a temperate grassland

et al. 2014

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“…Existem indícios de alguns fatores determinantes para os menores valores de respiração no talhão 15, estes não foram avaliados nesse projeto: a quantidade do sombreamento do solo pela palhada das gramíneas, já que isso pode afetar as taxas de respiração do solo, 40,41 a quantidade de raízes, relacionada à ausência de indivíduos arbóreos com sistema radicular estabelecido, vento, radiação solar direta e estrutura física do solo. 39 …”

Section: Conclusõesunclassified

Quantificação das emissões de CO2 pelo solo em áreas sob diferentes estádios de restauração no domínio da mata atlântica

Castellano¹,

Moreno²,

Menegário³

et al. 2017

Quim. Nova

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QUANTIFICATION OF SOIL CO 2 EMISSIONS IN TWO FORESTED AREAS UNDER DIFERENT REGENERATION STAGES IN ATLANTIC FOREST.In order to quantify emission rates of CO 2 through the soil from the Atlantic forest under different regeneration stages, two areas located in Rio Claro(SP) were studied. In the first area the forest is regenerated (Plot 23) and the average CO 2 emission is 1.91 mmol m -2 s -1 , while in the recently planted area (Plot 15), the average emission is 1.38 mmol m -2 s -1 . The CO 2 emissions are fairly correlated to soil moisture (r=0.53, P=<0.0001), C/N ratio (r=0.27, p<0.05) and time of measurement (r=0.33, p<0.05). Multiple linear regression models developed are better to reproduce CO 2 soil emissions in recently planted area.Keywords: soil CO 2 emissions, multiple linear regression; infrared gas analyzer; Atlantic forest. INTRODUÇÃOO constante aumento das emissões de gases responsáveis pelo efeito estufa talvez seja uma das principais preocupações ambientais em tempos atuais. Dentre esses gases destaca-se o dióxido de carbono (CO 2 ), responsável por cerca de 60% da intensificação do efeito de estufa, uma vez que desde o início da revolução industrial as concentrações desse gás na atmosfera passaram de 280 ppm para cerca de 390 ppm. [1][2][3] Nos países em desenvolvimento, mudanças no uso e na cobertura da terra, especialmente em ambientes savânicos e florestais, são apontadas como uma das principais causas do aumento das concentrações de CO 2 atmosférico, uma vez que a substituição desses biomas nativos por atividades agrícolas leva ao aumento das emissões de CO 2 pelo solo. 4 As emissões de CO 2 pelo solo correspondem ao CO 2 produzido pela respiração das raízes e dos microrganismos presentes no solo, responsáveis pela decomposição aeróbica de matéria orgânica (MO), sendo influenciadas pelo tipo de vegetação presente, e pelas características do solo. Dentre as principais características do solo que influenciam as emissões destacam-se: umidade, temperatura, textura e estrutura do solo (características físicas); conteúdo de fósforo, relação C/N, pH (características químicas); atividade microbiana (características biológicas), bem como parâmetros climáticos como temperatura, umidade do ar e radiação fotossinteticamente ativa. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Na busca do entendimento dos processos que influenciam o balanço global de carbono e, consequentemente, o aquecimento global, diversos estudos e levantamentos foram efetuados nas últimas décadas buscando caracterizar os efluxos de CO 2 pelo solo nos mais diversos biomas do globo terrestre. Emissões em clima temperado são maiores no verão do que no inverno, independentemente do tipo de cobertura vegetal. [15][16][17] A quantificação das emissões de CO 2 também é tema relevante, e a busca por equipamentos de baixo custo e de fácil manuseio em campo tem sido constante. Dentre os métodos empregados, o da câ-mara dinâmica determina o fluxo de CO 2 emitido baseado na variação de concentração dos gases emitidos pelo solo no interior da câmara, 18 com...

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“…Assuming the root-maintenance and SOM components are less tightly linked to photosynthesis, the shading method allows the exploration of light-derived contributions to the soil-surface CO 2 flux. This method has been successfully used in grasslands (Craine et al, 1999;Wan and Luo, 2003) but we are unaware of studies that have used this technique in agroecosystems, nor any that compare root growth-derived CO 2 in perennial and annual systems. Side-by-side comparisons of systems with different growth habits provide much needed insight into field dynamics of root respiration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize and Prairie Root Contributions to Soil CO₂ Emissions in the Field

2016

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Increasing soil carbon content via agricultural practices not only enhances the production potential of the land, but also counteracts rising atmospheric CO2 levels. When predicting production systems’ effects on soil carbon, quantifying CO2 efflux derived from live roots is of particular importance as it is a through‐flux and does not signify depletion of soil carbon. This field study aimed to measure and compare soil CO2 emissions derived from roots in annual and perennial agroecosystems. We used periodic 48‐hour shading over two growing seasons to estimate root growth‐derived CO2 in continuously grown maize (CC) with grain and 50% stover harvested each year, unfertilized reconstructed tallgrass prairie (P), and the same prairie grown with spring nitrogen fertilization (PF), both which had biomass harvested post‐frost. In CC, P, and PF root‐derived CO2 contributed to 28, 31, and 30% of each crop's respective growing season cumulative CO2 emissions in 2012, and 19, 24, and 28% in 2013, respectively. Season‐cumulative root‐derived CO2 was not proportional to end‐of‐season belowground biomass (BGB): P had nearly twice the BGB of PF, but their cumulative root‐derived fluxes were not significantly different in either year. A significant proportion of soil CO2 emissions is derived from roots, making it a critical process to consider when comparing or modeling soil emissions of cropped or prairie soils. Using BGB alone may not be a useful proxy for estimating root contributions.

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Cited by 214 publications

References 29 publications

The impact of extreme summer drought on the short-term carbon coupling of photosynthesis to soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a temperate grassland

The impact of extreme summer drought on the short-term carbon coupling of photosynthesis to soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a temperate grassland

Quantificação das emissões de CO2 pelo solo em áreas sob diferentes estádios de restauração no domínio da mata atlântica

Maize and Prairie Root Contributions to Soil CO₂ Emissions in the Field

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Untitled

Cited by 214 publications

References 29 publications

The impact of extreme summer drought on the short-term carbon coupling of photosynthesis to soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; efflux in a temperate grassland

The impact of extreme summer drought on the short-term carbon coupling of photosynthesis to soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; efflux in a temperate grassland

Quantificação das emissões de CO2 pelo solo em áreas sob diferentes estádios de restauração no domínio da mata atlântica

Maize and Prairie Root Contributions to Soil CO2 Emissions in the Field

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The impact of extreme summer drought on the short-term carbon coupling of photosynthesis to soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a temperate grassland

The impact of extreme summer drought on the short-term carbon coupling of photosynthesis to soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a temperate grassland

Maize and Prairie Root Contributions to Soil CO₂ Emissions in the Field