This thesis was conducted a numerical analysis on the radiant heat performance according to factors of design of heat sink for cooling of the automotive LED head lamp. The heat sinks were designed with 5 different types to fit the limited internal space by formula based on an existing product (Type 1). Designed heat sinks of five types were analyzed by ANSYS CFD V12.1, and the analysis results were compared with the existing type. The results of simulation were analyzed temperature distribution and average temperature, air flow characteristic, heat flux etc. This thesis was researched on the correlation of the cooling performance according to the heat sink structure and the fin shape. Through numerical analysis, could be confirmed heat sink Type 2 as the best results.
Background/Aims: In Korea, medications are available by prescription from a physician, or can be purchased over-the-counter (OTC) without a prescription. Education regarding both prescribed and OTC drugs is important to minimize side effects and avoid drug abuse. The risk of side effects due to polypharmacy is increasing due to the growing number of elderly patients with comorbidities.Methods: There are various clinical guidelines for physicians, but it is difficult for patients and their caregivers to find published guidelines regarding drug use. In this regard, experts from nine subspecialties of internal medicine, geriatric medicine, and guideline development methodology formed a working group to develop guidelines for safe drug use under the Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee of the Korean Association of Internal Medicine.Results: The main contents of this guideline are 1) safe and effective drug administration, 2) the proper use of analgesics (acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), 3) the proper use of tranquilizers and sleeping pills to prevent drug abuse, 4) points to be aware of when taking multiple medications.Conclusions: The guidelines were developed for patients and their caregivers to understand the general principles and precautions for drug use, including commonly used painkillers, mood stabilizers, sleeping pills, and polypharmacy. These guidelines could also be used as educational materials for physicians, nurses, and healthcare workers to educate patients and their caregivers.
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