With the recent increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer, CT colonography using multi-detector CT is noted due to its less invasiveness and shorter procedure time. Since this modality does not require intubation of an endoscope or infusion of barium medium from the anus, patients suffer less psychological stress. Additionally, CT colonography does not need technical expertise, unlike colonoscopy which is influenced even by patient age, gender and history of laparotomy. At present, Japanese medical institutions do not provide sufficient medical resources for colonoscopy. Therefore, CT colonography is expected as another option to screen the colon. Newly emerging techniques, such as reduced-laxative methods and reduced-radiation exposure methods using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction, have made CT colonography more harmless and improved patient tolerability. In 2012, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare approved public health insurance coverage for CT colonography. There is an urgent need to compile guidelines and establish a training system for CT colonography.
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