Living in environmentally neglected areas, stress, imbalance in the diet, and a decrease in the immune status adversely affect the human body. One of the main disorders is an imbalance in the intestinal biocenosis. Disorders of the intestinal microflora lead to diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, obesity, diabetes, malignant neoplasms, allergic autoimmune diseases, and mental disorders. Imbalance of the intestinal microflora causes inflammatory processes and, therefore, DNA damage. Prebiotics are a means to restore intestinal microbiota. This article provides information on the study of an antimutagenic effect of prebiotics. We studied a monocomponent preparation, containing lactulose and a multicomponent prebiotic that consisted of aqueous substrates of metabolic products Escherichia coli DSM 4087, Streptococcus faecalis DSM 4086, Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 4149, and Lactobacillus helveticus DSM 4183. The purpose of the investigation was to study antigenotoxic properties of the preparations. The preparations’ ability to suppress genotoxicity caused by oxidative stress was evaluated by the biosensor bacteria’s ability to reduce the DNA damage caused by dioxidine—an endogenous generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To detect DNA damage in a cell, E. coli MG1655 biosensors with pRecA and pColD promoters were used. The studied prebiotics were found to exhibit a weak antigenotoxic effect, regardless of the composition or a range of concentrations applied. A monocomponent preparation (lactulose) had much better protective effect than a metabolic-type prebiotic that contained metabolic products of Escherichia coli, enterococci and lactobacilli. The study results may be taken into account in selection of prebiotic components as functional ingredients with antigenotoxic and antioxidant properties in the food industry.
The purpose of the study: is to establish the characteristics of the development of endogenous intoxication during experimental obstruction of the urinary tract. Materials and methods: to achieve this goal, one control and three experimental groups of animals were formed, in which blood was taken from the marginal ear vein on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day of the experiment. The following parameters were determined in blood serum: urea, creatinine, total protein and albumin. The level of endogenous intoxication was assessed by the indicators of medium-mass molecules, circulating immune complexes and malon dialdehyde. Results: statistical analysis of blood biochemical parameters and endogenous intoxication markers confirm the link between modern biomarkers of renal injury and morphological changes in the tissues of obstructive and compensatory organs. Conclusion: our findings point to the overstress adaptation mechanisms, the development of oxidative stress and exhibit a high level of endogenous intoxication, resulting in structural and metabolic changes in the affected and in the contralateral kidney.
Xenobiotic pollution is one of the most pressing contemporary problems. New chemicals in the composition of air, water, and food enter the human body. They enter into biochemical reactions and have a negative effect on metabolism and physiological processes due to activated lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. This article presents data on the gene protective performance of probiotics. There were probiotics under study, i.e., a bacillary probiotic Bacillus subtilis 534; a preparation, containing lyophilized probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Enterococcus faecium); and a probiotic, containing Bifidobacterium longum and Enterococcus faecium. The preparations’ ability to suppress genotoxicity caused by oxidative stress was evaluated by the biosensor bacteria’s ability to reduce the DNA damage caused by an endogenous generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) – dioxidine. To detect DNA damage in a cell, E. coli MG1655 biosensors with pRecA and pColD promoters were applied. The studied probiotics have been established to have varying degrees of antigenotoxic activity. A multicomponent probiotic, containing lyophilized probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Enterococcus faecium), showed the best protective performance (51.73%). The minimal protective effect was observed in the bacillary probiotic Bacillus subtilis 534. The multicomponent complex of lyophilized probiotic bacteria has been revealed to exhibit activity that enhances the dioxin’s genotoxicity that is expressed in stimulating the induction of biosensor strains luminescence. This activity can be considered as a prooxidant effect. The study results may be considered in selection of probiotic components as functional ingredients with antigenotoxic and antioxidant properties in the food industry.
РЕФЕРАТ Цель: изучение морфологических изменений в контралатеральной почке в динамике развития обструктивной уропатии. Морфологическое исследование контрлатеральной почки при обструктивной уропатии на 7-, 14-е и 21-е сутки выявило ряд характерных структурных изменений канальцевого аппарата и межуточного вещества. В первые 7 дней развития обструкции преобладали дистрофические изменения, обусловленные нарушением водно-электролитного, белкового обмена (гиалиново-капельная, гидропическая дистрофия канальцевого аппарата), спустя 14-21 день происходили изменения уже и в строме почечной ткани. Следует отметить возникновение в эти сроки так называемого сетчатого фиброза, локализующегося между отдельными канальцевыми структурами мозгового вещества почки с последующим развитием в нем неоангиогенеза. Описанные морфофункциональные закономерности изменений контрлатеральной почки при экспериментальной обструктивной уропатии позволят получить представление не только о степени выраженности водно-электролитных расстройств, но и о сроках раннего развития фиброза и неоангиогенеза почечной паренхимы. Ключевые слова: контрлатеральная почка, компенсаторные механизмы, экспериментальные животные, обструктивные уропатии. ABSTRACT THE AIM was to study morphological changes in the contralateral kidney in the dynamics of obstructive uropathy development. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Morphological examination of the contralateral kidney with obstructive uropathy on days 7, 14 and 21 revealed a number of characteristic structural changes in the tubular apparatus and interstitial substance. RESULTS. During the first 7 days of obstruction development, dystrophic changes predominated due to disturbance of waterelectrolyte, protein metabolism (hyaline-droplet, hydrophilic dystrophy of the tubular apparatus), after 14-21 days changes occurred in the stroma of the renal tissue. It should be noted the emergence in these terms of the so-called mesh fibrosis, localized between individual tubular structures of the medulla of the kidney with following the development of neoangiogenesis in it. Conclusion. The described morphofunctional patterns of changes in the contralateral kidney in experimental obstructive uropathy will give an idea of not only the severity of water-electrolyte disorders but also the timing of early development of fibrosis and neoangiogenesis of the renal parenchyma.
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