Gamma activation analysis on LUE NSC KIPT was used to measure macro-, microelements and 224,226,228RA in intact teeth and teeth with inflammatory odontogenic diseases. A comparative analysis of the phase composition of the teeth was carried out. It is shown that the size of apatite crystals in intact teeth is 3 times higher than in teeth with acute odontogenic diseases. The latter indicates the presence of an amorphous phase of carbonate inclusions and structurally unbound water
The aim: Improving the ability to restore the shape and function of the bones of the maxillofacial area through the use of their own techniques. Materials and methods: Materials and methods: This research was carry out on the basis of the Department of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Kharkov National Medical University in the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kharkov “Regional Clinical Hospital” (2018-2020 years). Examination and treatment of 26 patients, aged from 19 to 55 years, who needed reconstructive surgery to restore the anatomical shape, integrity and function of the maxilla or mandibular jaw. Results: All patients were treated according to the developed method (utility model patent № 145754 “Method of treating traumatic fractures of the maxillofacial area in adults using bone osteosynthesis 3D modeled titanium mini plates”), which consists in 3D modeling, based on previously performed computed tomography, and exploitation individually modeled titanium mini grids and titanium endoprostheses. The experience of this technique shown the advantage of the proposed method not only in the correction of traumatic defects, but also defects of the jaw bones that occur due to the removal of bulky neoplasms. Conclusions: Individual 3D simulated mini grids / plates and endoprostheses, according to the study provide maximum adaptation and restoration of anatomical shape, relief of jaws, their integrity and contour, provide prevention of pathological fractures by stabilizing residual bone tissue (titanium mini grids) serves as a carcass , provide prevention of prolapse (germination) of soft tissues in the area of postoperative bone defect (mini grid does not allow soft tissues to germinate in the area of postoperative bone defect on the outside), which improves functional and cosmetic results. Thus, our proposed method of osteosynthesis using 3D simulated titanium miniplates can be recommended for use in clinical practice.
The article describes the use of fibrin glue, which is quite common in modern medical practice. It can be synthesized from the patient's venous blood or used as ready-made preparations. Among fibrin clots, depending on the method of their preparation, one can distinguish: PRF which is an ordinary fibrin clot and is prepared in vacuum tubes with a plasma activator and centrifuged for about 8-12 minutes at a rate of 3000-3500 revolutions per minute. A-PRF (advanced) - in this cluster, growth factors have a higher concentration and a more even distribution, which helps reduce the speed of the centrifuge to 2,000 revolutions per minute, while the centrifugation time is 8-12 minutes. i-PRF (injectable) is a fibrinous clot formed after a few minutes after receiving blood plasma by centrifugation. The speed is 1500-2000 rpm, the centrifugation time is 3 minutes. Stickybone is a blood plasma that turns into a clot due to the content of fibrin in the plasma itself. The preparation is similar to the usual PRF, but due to the absence of the coagulant activator in the vial, the rate of formation of the fibrin clot is much lower. The PRF contains an autologous fibrin matrix that is rich in leukocytes, platelets and cytokines, and has a tetramolecular structure that acts as a biodegradable framework. This matrix not only stimulates the development of the microvascular mesh, but also directs the migration of epithelial cells to the surface. The effect of PRF and fat cells on the repair of defects in soft tissue of the maxillofacial area was investigated in pigs. It has been found that combined use of PRF and fat cells contributes to more efficient reparative regeneration processes than their single use. The use of PRF is common in mucoadhesive surgery, mainly in donor areas, due to the possibility of leaving the fibrin membrane exposed, which stimulates the rapid healing of the wounds with a secondary tension. Also, PRF is used locally for gum recession. According to research by S.K. Agarwa PRF stimulates the increase in the width of the keratinous mucous membrane to 0.8-1.0 mm, reducing the gum recession, which in turn greatly enhances the aesthetics of the patient. The use of PRF is clinically grounded in the surgical treatment of pigmented gum area. There was a wide use of PRF in cases of surgical treatment of radicular jaw cysts, including odontogenic facial granulomas, to replace the defect of bone tissue. The use of PRF promotes accelerated bone regeneration within 3 months after surgery. Radiologically, after 6 months, there is a complete recovery of bone tissue and a probable increase in bone density. The use of the PRF membrane helps to prevent inflammatory complications during tooth extraction, such as after an alveolus extraction, and can be used to break down the wall of the alveoli, which accelerates the processes of reparative regeneration in this area and creates better prospects for further dental implantation. It is proved that the use of PRF causes the acceleration of the processes of reparative regeneration in various types of tissues, contributing to the improvement of treatment results.
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