Abstract. The current state of economic development and innovations' support often brings small and medium enterprises (SMEs) at the forefront of government fiscal policy. Various policy measures targeted at SMEs' support and development necessarily include measures on promotion of innovations within small business. However, despite substantial efforts undertaken by the authorities to increased financial injections into this area, development of innovations by small businesses faces many obstacles. Statistics on the registered small and medium enterprises shows that the sharp rise of entrepreneurship observed in the early 1990s changed for the stagnation towards the end of the decade and sluggish dynamics of the present time. Unfortunately, as practice shows, measures taken so far do not stimulate significant changes in the development of small business. Moreover, differentiation of small businesses between regions is only increasing, as it is manifested through substitution of divergence for convergence. Our paper analyzes the legal framework regulating small business development as well as state of innovations within SMEs so that to identify the main indicators
Investor expectations, rather than fundamentals, are increasingly influencing the value of a company. At a time when nonfinancial assets are becoming an important component of determining the value of the company, the disclosure of non-financial statements as a source of more extensive and meaningful information than financial statements, is becoming an increasingly popular topic of discussion of the scientific and business communities. Non-financial reporting includes "various types of external reporting provided by organizations to their stakeholders and covering those aspects of the organizations that go beyond the historical framework of financial performance". The information contained in non-financial reports can help investors form an opinion about the intellectual, financial, natural, human and social capital of the company and make a decision about investing. In the developed world, the publication of nonfinancial statements has become a common norm, while in Russia only a small proportion of companies still issue this type of reporting. The study of publishing non-financial reports dedicated to both theoretical and empirical literature, most empirical studies showed a positive effect of issue of non-financial reporting on the financial stability of companies. However, these studies do not focus on the impact of the publication of non-financial statements on the financial performance of companies in Russia. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of the publication of non-financial statements on the financial performance of Russian companies with the identification of intersectoral features. As a result of this study, it will be possible to understand how the disclosure of non-financial information affects the financial performance of Russian companies. From a practical point of view, this can help managers of companies in various industries to realize the importance or, conversely, the absence of the need to publish non-financial statements as a factor that can increase the credibility of the company in the eyes of investors and positively affect the financial results.
International experience of the largest countries' economies of the last decade demonstrates that the use of Value Added Tax (VAT) in taxation of consumption is used more actively and is gradually squeezing out the sales tax. In most countries of the world VAT ensures between 12 and 30% of stable budget revenues. Taking statistical data selected with the help of the Ordinary Least Squares method as a basis, changes in the ratio of VAT received by the budget to GDP in the economies of different states for the 1995 -2015 period were studied. The best ratio of the economic data was revealed in the Czech Republic and Mexico, where sustainable growth of the ratio amounted to 0.0008 -0.0009 respectively. A significantly lower correlation of the data was noticed in Austria and France, the correlation is conspicuous for its negative value of the regression coefficient. The research we have undertaken in relation with several states has shown the following consistent pattern: an average value of the share of VAT is less (by 10%) dependent on the development and state of the economy of the countries we have compared than (over 60%) on the taxation rules established by laws on each state (the use of tax incentives, lower tax rates, etc.). Our research of VAT effect on the economies of countries has revealed a number of specific problems, which weaken the mechanism of collection and payment of the tax. Consequently, to solve the macroeconomic problems of VAT, additional measures aimed at organizations' revenue growth should be undertaken. Another area should be the improvement of the tax incentive and exemption system as well as the removal of existing possibilities of tax evasion. These measures will allow the government to adjust the basic rate downwards in the middle term. IntroductionLooking back into the history of the tax, VAT failed at the start of the XX th century, because the society was not ready for the introduction of a tax collected at all stages of production and covered a significant part of sales operations of goods (works, services). For example, in the 30 sec of the XX th century a research by GerhardColm "The Ideal Tax System" was the first to say that VAT corresponds to the current stage of capitalism development, because the state has turned into a partner, which ensures production process, from a guarantor of ownership (Couzin, 2014). According to Joseph J. Thorndike, the government ensures private production by laying roads among other things, the state raises the efficiency of entrepreneurship through education and Ravil Gabdullaevich Akhmadeev et al.
Subject This article examines the documents of strategic planning and the indexes of export competitiveness of Russian products contained therein. Objectives The article aims to classify the export competitiveness indexes in strategic planning documents and propose certain recommendations to harmonize them. Methods For the study, I used the methods of analysis, synthesis, and induction. Results The results obtained determine further lines of improvement of the State policy in the field of Russian export development and increase of attractiveness of the national economy in world markets. Relevance Legislative and executive authorities can use the conclusions and proposals of this article in assessing export competitiveness and introducing changes in strategic planning documents.
Ключевые слова: бюджетный риск, идентификация, нормативное-правовое регулирование, оценка Аннотация Тема. Предметом исследования выступают бюджетные риски, унифицированная методика оценки и идентификация которых является необходимым условием совершенствования управления общественными финансами. Рассмотрены подходы к оценке бюджетных рисков, учитываемые в российском правовом поле. Основное внимание уделяется несовершенству государственной регламентации идентификации и оценки бюджетных рисков. Отдельные разделы посвящены рассмотрению ряда проблем по определению и процедуре управления бюджетными рисками в регионах Российской Федерации. Цели. Уточнение нормативно-правового регулирования оценки и идентификации бюджетных рисков, в том числе риска несоблюдения бюджетного законодательства и правовых актов о противодействии коррупции; риска несоблюдения принципа эффективности использования бюджетных средств и недостижения целевых значений качества финансового менеджмента. Методология. В исследовании использованы общенаучные методы познания, направленные на обобщение и унификацию отечественной практики оценки и идентификации бюджетных рисков, повышение качества внутреннего финансового контроля. Результаты. Предложены поправки в официальные документы по оценке бюджетных рисков. Дополнены и конкретизированы отдельные критерии оценки, сформулированные на основе выявленных противоречий в оценочных показателях, применяемых субъектами Российской Федерации. Выводы. Результаты исследования определяют дальнейшие направления совершенствования управления бюджетными рисками и повышения прозрачности общественных финансов. Использование на практике сформулированных предложений с учетом устранения выявленных противоречий позволит принимать обоснованные решения в области управления и противодействия угрозам формирования и использования бюджетных средств в сложившихся экономических условиях.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.