In 2017, two cases of dengue fever were imported from Hurghada, Egypt, where dengue fever was not considered endemic, to Moscow. These cases show how emergence of dengue fever in popular resort regions on the coast of the Red Sea can spread infection to countries where it is not endemic.
The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation jointly with professional association and experts in the field of pediatrics, infectious diseases and resuscitation has revised guidelines “Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children” in order to provide the child population with effective medical care during the pandemic of the new coronaviral infection. The practical experience of specialists from various countries was considered during the development of this document. Special attention should be given to the evidence base of the presented data, as well as to the efficiency and safety issues of medications used in treatment of coronaviral infection and its complications. The authors highlight the problems of prevention, diagnostics and management of pathological conditions caused by COVID-19 in the article according to the presented guidelines. Patient’s management is presented depending on the age and severity of the disease itself. The therapy is considered with regard to etiological, pathogenetic and symptom focus.
A case of Tick-borne spotted fever in a child after a visit to an endemic region, the Republic of Crimea, is described. The disease caused difficulty in terms of clinical diagnosis, which led to the delayed prescription of specific therapy with doxycycline. The diagnosis of Тick-borne spotted fever was made on the basis of detectingR. conoriiDNA in a washout with primary affect. In the course of the disease, IgM class antibodies were detected during serological analysis of paired serum.
Due to the increasing number of Russian citizen’s visits to the countries of the tropical countries, the number of cases of imported endemic infectious diseases, mostly dengue fever (DF), also had increased. Dengue fever is an acute viral vector-borne disease, accompanied by fever and intoxication, with the possible development of hemorrhagic syndrome and shock, in which survival depends from the time of initiation of intensive therapy. The greatest incidence of DF in Moscow is associated with travelling to tropical countries during the Christmas holidays, which coincides with the seasonal rise in the incidence of influenza and other ARTI’s. However, ambulance medical workers in most cases (except for the cases of calling the ambulance team to the medical organization during the working hours of the laboratory) are not able to carry out and assess even the minimum of hematological parameters. Therefore, when diagnosing and determining the phase of the disease and its severity, the ambulance medical worker can rely only on epidemiological and clinical data. In this regard, a group of authors proposed an algorithm for early diagnosis and treatment of patients with suspected dengue fever at the prehospital stage, taking into account clinical symptoms and standardized tourniquet test.
Sepsis - one of the leading cause of death on the planet, mortality rate in septic shock can be up to 50%. Timely treatment start and outcomes of disease are directly depend from early and precise diagnostics of sepsis. For the present, the “golden standart” in diagnosing sepsis is growing blood culture from patient’s’ samples. However, taking into account necessarity of fast descision making about starting intensive threatment, speed of blood culture test for quick descision about starting theratment is insufficient. At the same time, modern laboratory medicine have wide spectre of different biomarkers, which can be applied in diagnosing sepsis. In literature review discussed main biomarkers, used in sepsis diagnostics.
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