РЕЗЮМЕЦель. Выявить наиболее информативные ультразвуковые признаки расстройства мозговой гемодинами-ки при асфиксии различной степени тяжести у новорожденных, для своевременной коррекции церебральной гемодинамики и нормального морфофункционального созревания мозговых структур в раннем неонатальном периоде.Материалы и методы. Обследовано 78 новорожденных, из них: 25 новорожденных, у которых при рождении состояние было удовлетворительное и 53 новорожденных с состоянием легкой, средней степени тяжести и в тя-желом состоянии при рождении, обусловленным асфиксией новорожденных. Всем новорожденным проводилось эхографическое исследование головного мозга и допплерографическое исследование мозгового кровотока в пер-вые 7 суток жизни.Результаты. Получены эхографические и допплерометрические критерии изменений церебральной гемодина-мики у доношенных новорожденных с асфиксией легкой, средней и тяжелой степени тяжести.Заключение. При УЗИ головного мозга у новорожденных, перенесших хроническую внутриутробную гипоксию в раннем неонатальном периоде, характерны допплерографические признаки нарушения становления церебраль-ной гемодинамики в виде гипоперфузии, а у новорожденных, перенесших острую асфиксию -признаки церебраль-ной гиперперфузии. У новорожденных, перенесших острую асфиксию на фоне хронической внутриутробной гипок-сии в течение более длительного периода сохранялись признаки гипоперфузии по сравнению с новорожденными, перенесшими хроническую внутриутробную гипоксию. University, 4 Sedina Street, Krasnodar, 350063, Russia;.ru SUMMARY Aim. To detect the most informative ultrasonic signs of cerebral haemodynamics distress in various degrees of severity asphyxia of newborn for the timely correction of cerebral haemodynamics and normal morphofunctional maturation of brain structures in the early neonatal period and childhood. Z. A. AGAEVA ULTRASONIC DIAGNOSIS OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE IN THE ASPHYXIA OF NEWBORN Department of Radiology of Kuban State MedicalMaterials and methods. 78 newborns were examined, including: 25 newborns who had a satisfactory condition at birth and 53 newborns with a mild, moderate and severe condition at birth due to neonatal asphyxia. Ultrasonic examination of brain and Doppler sonography of cerebral blood flow were carried out for all newborns in the first 7 days of life.Results. Echographic and Doppler sonographic criteria of changes in cerebral haemodynamics of full-term newborn with mild, moderate and severe asphyxia were obtained.Conclusion. Cranial ultrasound demonstrates dopplerographic signs of cerebral hemodynamics formation disorders such as hypoperfusion in neonates who have had chronic intrauterine hypoxia in the early neonatal period, and signs of cerebral hyperperfusion in neonates who suffered from acute asphyxia. In neonates who have suffered from acute
Purpose: to improve the differential diagnosis of benign liver rumors and the liver metastasis of colorectal cancer with the ultrasound using contrast sonography.Materials and methods.There were evaluated 92 patients with liver neoplasms (44 (47.8%) women and 48 (52.2%) men) age 41 to 83, with a mean age of 62.8 ± 2.64. Ultrasound exam was carried out in three stages: I stage – liver ultrasound in B-mode, II stage – ultrasound in B-mode with addition of color Doppler imaging and power Doppler scanning, III stage – contrast liver sonography employing the contrast agent SonoVue (Bracco Imaging SpA, Milan, Italy). According to the results of the examination the patients were either surgically treated if there were indications, or the nature of the neoplasm was verified via the needle biopsy. Thus the patients formed two groups: I group (n = 35 (38.0%) – patients with benign liver neoplasms: cavernous hemangiomas – 17, hepatocellular adenomas – 3, focal modular hyperplasia of the liver – 5; II group (n = 57 (62.0%) – patients with metastasis of colorectal cancer.Results.With the use of the ultrasound in B-mode with addition of color Doppler imaging and power Doppler scanning in patients from group I (n = 35) with benign tumors of the liver – bilobar involvement in 2 cases, right lobe involvement in 28 cases, left lobe involvement in 5 cases. There were found both solitary (in 33 cases) and multiple (in 2 cases) neoplasms ranging from 2.5– 4.5 cm to conglomerates of 8–17 cm in diameter. In group II (n = 57), in patients with colorectal cancer metastasis who had an ultrasound examination in B-mode with addition of color Doppler imaging and power Doppler scanning, bilobar metastatic (91.2%) involvement of the liver prevailed over the monolobar, notably right lobe (84.21%) involvement was more frequent. Multiple metastasis were encountered more often (89.5%) then solitary. At the moment of metastatic liver disease discovery the size of the tumor nodules was over 5 cm in diameter in 33 (57.8%) patients. According to the results of contrast sonography in patients of group I (n = 35) with benign tumors of the liver, there was detected a prolonged enhancement of the neoplasm in the arterial, portal and delayed phases of enhancement. In patients of group II (n = 57) with metastasis of colorectal cancer to the liver, in the end of arterial phase there was noted a “washing out” of the contrast agent by 16th second – in 36 (63.1%) of the patients, by 23th se cond – in 17 (29.8%) and by the 26th second – in 4 (7.0%) of the patients. In portal and delayed phase of the enhancement all of the group II patients (100%) at the site of the metastasis there were located anechogenic round foci.Conclusions. 1. Complex 3-stage ultrasound examination (B-mode, color Doppler imaging and power Doppler scanning, contrast sonography) of the liver neoplasms allows to get a more detailed information and differentiate benign and metastatic disease of the liver; 2. During contrast sonography the benign liver tumors “keep” the contrast gent during the arterial, portal and delayed enhancement phases, but with metastasis in liver the contrast agent gets “washed out” already in the arterial phase of enhancement.
Ectopic pregnancy is an important medical and social problem that threatens not only the reproductive function of women, but also her life. The frequency of ectopic pregnancy does not tend to decrease, however, high alertness with regard to this pathology, an integrated approach to diag-nosis, including the study of clinical data, ultrasound examination, as well as monitoring the level of beta-subunit of chorionic gonadotropin in blood serum, has significantly reduced the maternal mortality rate due to this pathology. At the same time, the existing modern methods of treat-ment make it possible to do without radical operations and preserve the reproductive function of patients.
The transthoracic echocardiography made by multifrequency probes with support of the mode of the second harmonic imaging, is a competitive method for visualization of the main coronary arteries and allows to estimate coronary blood flow with high quality. Of course, the method has considerable restrictions, most important of which is the low spatial resolution of a method, due to small acoustic window. Because of this the transthoracic visualization of coronary arteries perhaps will not become the leading method of anatomic reconstruction of separately taken coronary artery and especially all coronary arteries system. However uniqueness and indisputable advantage of this method is an opportunity to noninvasively estimate a coronary blood flow both once, and in dynamics.
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