Annonanion. The purpose of the work is to determine and analyze the incidence and prevalence of diseases in the population of Ukraine in comparison with the EU countries, to analyze the determinants of health and to develop prevention measures for this problem. The materials of the study were statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for 1995–2018, Forms №18 of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine “Report on the control of environmental factors affecting public health” for 2008–2016. The work used content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, bibliosemantic, analytical and statistical research methods. It is established that for the period from 1995 to 2017, the incidence rates of the population of Ukraine decreased by 18.2% and prevalence by 12.0%. The first place is occupied by diseases of the circulatory system — 52.1% and 50.2%; second place — respiratory diseases, this figure is constant and is 8.1%; third place belongs to diseases of the digestive system — 9.4% and 10.1%, respectively, in 2010 and 2017. The epidemic of tuberculosis in Ukraine was recognized by the WHO from 1995 to 2005 (21.5/39.5 thousand 1995/2005 diagnosis established for the first time). The growth rate was +32.9% (1995/2005), then it gradually decreased and in 2018 the growth rate was 28.5% (1995/2018). According to statistics, annually 170 thousand people are diagnosed with cancer, up to 90 thousand patients die from this disease, 35-37% of whom are people of working age. Thus, in Ukraine, diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms, injuries and poisonings are in the lead in the structure of causes of death; in the structure of morbidity — respiratory diseases, circulatory diseases; cause concern about HIV and tuberculosis, as well as the prevalence of mental disorders of organic origin and bad habits. We consider it necessary to take measures to improve the state of health care in the framework of the issues raised by modernization and staffing of health care facilities in Ukraine with modern equipment with improved material and technical base and increased funding; introduction of a single electronic system for the exchange of medical information; timely and regular preventive examinations of the population; the use of various forms of educating the population on the formation of a healthy lifestyle in the absence of television advertising that carries harmful information.
The mental state of the mentally ill is one of the most important factors in the treatment of the patient by a medical professional. But aggression, high-pitched communication, indifference of a doctor or health care worker can negatively affect the outcome of treatment and recovery of a patient with mental and behavioral disorders. The problem of modern medical deontology in Ukraine is the stigmatization of health workers to patients with mental disorders, which lead to self-stigmatization of both patients and their families. The purpose of the study is to enable the relatives of mentally ill people undergoing long-term inpatient treatment, to determine the quality of medical services in a psychoneurological hospital, to identify ethical and deontological shortcomings in the doctor’s relationship with relatives of mentally ill person, to determine the level of self-stigmatization in relatives of the patient by medical staff. The analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, bibliosemantic, analytical and statistical research methods were used in the work. A questionnaire was conducted (using a specially designed questionnaire) with elements of interviews of 92 respondents (relatives of mentally ill patients who were treated at a psychoneurological hospital in Vinnytsia). The results were processed using the licensed standardized package "Statistica 6.1". The need to comply with state building codes for health care facilities in accordance with European requirements has been proven. This will eliminate the feeling of hopelessness during hospitalization in public psychoneurological hospitals, which are a great trauma for relatives of patients. It has been shown that in order to prevent stigmatization of relatives of patients in psychoneurological hospitals, it is necessary to conduct trainings and interviews after training, which will determine the degree of stigmatization and subsequent preventive measures. It is shown that for relatives of mentally ill on the basis of psychoneurological hospitals it is necessary to equip rooms for psychodiagnostics and further psychocorrection. Development of affordable correctional programs for relatives of patients will reduce maladaptation and improve life satisfaction.
Annotation. The aim of the study was to identify the presence of stigmatization among students of medical educational institutions and medical stuff of psychiatric institutions toward mental patients, to establish the causes and develop measures to minimize it. Methods were used in the work: bibliosemantic, historical, content analysis, as well as a questionnaire method using a specially designed questionnaire. Using Telegram, Microsoft Excel 2003 software, 1062 students were interviewed anonymously of 4–5 courses of medical institutions of higher education of Ukraine. The average age of students ranged from 20 to 22 years – 913 (85.9 %); from 23 to 24 years old – 119 (11.3 %) and from 25 to 26 years old – 30 (2.8 %). It was found that 93.8% of respondents from the total number of students surveyed are convinced that people with mental illness need special treatment; 87.9 % – were convinced that people who have mental illness pose a threat to society; 17.3 % respondents witnessed the humiliation of mental patients by working medical personnel in the presence of medical students. It is a fact, but in 2.1 % of cases, future doctors allowed themselves to offend patients who were hospitalized in psychiatric healthcare facilities during training. Thus, the inheritance of the Soviet system of medical education in the field of training young specialists for the mental health sector in Ukraine, which, unfortunately, has not experienced significant structural changes, is reflected in the behavior of the working medical personnel of psychiatric hospitals and the views of future doctors. Stigmatization of mental patients was carried out by every fourth medical worker (24.5 %) in psychiatric institutions in Odessa and every fifth medical worker in psychiatric institutions in Poltava (21.4 %) and Chernivtsi (20.9 %), which is violation of the moral and ethical principles of the doctor's behavior and unacceptable. The stigmatization of the mentally ill by medical students of medical schools is 2.1 %, which indicates that students use the negative example of the medical personnel of psychiatric institutions for their future medical activities.
Annotation. This work aims to study the problem of mental health of the population of Ukraine in the organization of psychiatric care and the comparative experience of the countries of the European Union. The methods used in work: biblio-semantic, historical, content analysis. The article is devoted to the problem of mental health in Ukraine and the EU countries. Statistical data in Ukraine show an increase in the number of mental disorders due to the emergence of many problems: poverty, unemployment, conflict in the East, and displacement of people due to the JFO/ATO, which is a significant burden country. The WHO pays much attention in this direction: it analyzes each state and provides recommendations, an action plan, examples from other countries in which our experience in improving mental health, and quickly resolving issues.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.