Background: According to the Association of American Medical Colleges, the development of empathic abilities is one of the priorities of higher medical education. Understanding the great importance of the level of empathy and emotional intelligence for the future doctor has led to an increase in research interest in this issue both abroad and in Ukraine. Purpose: To determine the level of empathy in internship doctors of various specialties who studied in the cycle “Emergencies”, to find ways to optimize and stabilize this social ability. Materials and Methods: 84 internship doctors were interviewed anonymously in various specialties using the method of determining the level of empathic abilities according to Boyko and conducted a thorough analysis. Results: A high level of empathy was found in 7.1% of respondents due to the vast majority of women. The average level of empathy was found in 66.7% of respondents, the gender distribution was 1:1. 21.4% of internship doctors showed low levels of empathy, of which two thirds were men. A low level of empathy was found in 4.8% of respondents, exclusively men. In our study, we found mostly the average level of empathic abilities in internship doctors of different profiles. Women were more empathetic than men. The results indicate the need to develop empathic abilities (intuitive, rational and emotional channels) with an emphasis on “managing their emotions” in undergraduate and postgraduate educational process in order to form communicative professional competencies during the study period. Conclusions: The vast majority of internship doctors in various specialties showed an average level of empathic abilities, which meets the requirements of their further medical activities. There is no direct relationship between the level of empathic abilities and the frequency of emotional burnout. In a higher medical educational institution, it is necessary to develop and optimize empathic abilities starting from the first courses of study
Asphyxia due to a decrease in oxygen concentration in the inhaled air is not common. Nevertheless, the mass media fairly regularly inform the population about its episodes in wine cellars, silos, and children in closed spaces. Quite a serious problem is exogenous hypoxia in miners as a result of accidents with the release of firedamp, carbon dioxide poisoning of submarine crews in case of failure of ventilation systems. The modern extreme sports enthusiast who are actively engaged in mountain tourism and mountaineering, speleology (including diggers), amateur piloting of sports aircraft and balloons, diving, etc. are subject to such lesions. In the available special literature sources on the topic “Asphyxiation due to a decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the environment”, there are almost no reports related to lifetime pathogenetic characteristics, diagnosis, and the basics of providing medical care to such victims. There are isolated recommendations on the provision of medical care for mountain sickness, while other options for exogenous asphyxia are considered only from the standpoint of forensic medical examination, in most cases — posthumously. Based on isolated domestic and foreign research works, personal theoretical and clinical experience, we have developed an algorithm for diagnosis and medical care at the stages of the route of a victim with exogenous hypoxia.
По современным требованиям медицинское образование представляет собой неразрывность и преемственность трех этапов. Первые два — академические, или традиционные, это обучение в высшей школе и последипломное образование. Третий компонент медицинского образования представляет собой непрерывное медицинское образование. По результатам систематизированных анализов получение только академического образования (уровень 3) не приводит к достижению клинических компетентности (уровень 4) и эффективности (уровень 5), в то время как именно качественное овладение последними позволяет улучшить здоровье пациентов (уровень 6). Кафедра анестезиологии, интенсивной терапии и медицины неотложных состояний ГУ «Днепропетровская медицинская академия» МЗ Украины на протяжении 30 лет осуществляет последипломное обучение врачей-интернов и врачей — специалистов по специальностям «анестезиология» и «детская анестезиология» для Днепропетровского региона и всей Украины. Мы продолжаем проводить обучение по структурированным программам, аккредитованным МЗ Украины, одновременно проводя узкотематические курсы, учитывающие потребности здравоохранения региона. Для повышения качества и эффективности обучения мы используем гибридно-смешанное обучение (у постели больного, лекции-дискуссии, обсуждение анонимных клинических случаев в закрытых группах социальных сетей, применение ролевых игр, симуляторов и тренажеров с компьютерными программами виртуальной реальности). Сочетание нами двух образовательных систем (непрерывное медицинское образование/непрерывное профессиональное развитие) позволило поднять результативность обучения с 4-го уровня (компетентность) до 6-го уровня (здоровье пациента) знаний в пирамиде непрерывного медицинского образования, что подтвердилось повышением эффективности аккредитации врачей-анестезиологов, проводимой 1 раз в 5 лет МЗ Украины на регионарном и национальном уровнях.
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