We describe a photonic-plasmonic nanostructure, for significantly enhancing the absorption of long-wavelength photons in thin-film silicon solar cells, with the promise of exceeding the classical 4n2 limit for enhancement. We compare identical solar cells deposited on the photonic-plasmonic structure, randomly textured back reflectors and silver-coated flat reflectors. The state-of-the-art back reflectors, using annealed Ag or etched ZnO, had high diffuse and total reflectance. For nano-crystalline Si absorbers with comparable thickness, the highest absorption and photo-current of 21.5 mA/cm2 was obtained for photonic-plasmonic back-reflectors. The periodic photonic plasmonic structures scatter and reradiate light more effectively than a randomly roughened surface.
by a+' Au reactions in the 35-50 MeV energy range. The isomeric yield ratios are analyzed in terms of pre-equilibrium and evaporation emissions. Single as well as two-nucleon pre-equilibrium emissions are taken into account. Various combinations of pre-equilibrium and equilibrium emissions together with different sequences in which the ejectiles may be emitted are explicitly considered to evaluate the average spin distribution of the final nucleus. The choice of the spin cutoff parameter and the effect of forward-angle emissions of pre-equilibrium particles have been investigated. The isomeric yield ratios are found to depend sensitively on the pre-equilibrium angular distribution and on the spin cutoff parameter for equilibrium emissions. Inadequate description of the reactionmechanism leads to incorrect predictions of excitation functions as well as isomeric yield ratios.PACS number(s): 25.55.e, 25.90.+k
In the present work the influence of initial excitation energy and angular momentum of the fissioning system on the angular momenta of fission fragments corresponding to ' 'Te and ' Te was studied in the Th(a3OM, v, f) system. The fragment angular momenta were estimated from the radiochemically determined independent isomeric yield ratios using a statistical model. The obtained data are discussed along with the literature data on the fragment angular momenta in the same fissioning nucleus 23 U formed in the U(n, h, f) and " Th(a, f}systems.NUCLEAR REACTIONS~~Th(a3O M v f) reaction, fragment angular momentum, independent isomeric yield ratio, initial excitation energy, angular momentum, single particle effect.
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