The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a Movement Control Order (MCO) in Malaysia and the subsequent closure of all educational institutions. We aimed to examine the psychological impact of the MCO among clinical undergraduates. A cross-sectional study was conducted using self-reported questionnaires that were distributed online using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS 21), Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS), and the newly designed MCO effect questionnaire. Seven hundred seventy-two students completed the survey. The prevalence of psychological distress was 52.8%, with around 60% of respondents reporting disruption to their daily lives. Older (p = 0.015) and more senior students (p < 0.001) were less likely to be anxious than their younger and junior counterparts, respectively. A greater number of social support (three or more) was linked to a lower score of depression (p = 0.005) and stress (p = 0.045). Undergraduates who received family support demonstrated lower depression scores (p = 0.037) and higher mental wellbeing (p = 0.020) compared to those without. Government support was independently associated with a lesser risk of depressive symptoms (Adjusted odds ratio, AOR 0.68; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.47–0.99) and a greater sense of mental wellbeing (AOR 1.54; 95% CI 1.06–2.22). The present finding provides evidence of a high prevalence of psychological distress among clinical undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Appropriate social support is important in alleviating anxiety and stress and promoting greater mental wellbeing amongst students during the nationwide quarantine.

Sex has always been a taboo subject in Asian society. However, over the past few years, awareness in the field of men's sexual health has improved, and interest in sexual health research has recently increased. The epidemiology and prevalence of erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism and premature ejaculation in Asia are similar in the West. However, several issues are specific to Asian males, including culture and beliefs, awareness, compliance and the availability of traditional/complementary medicine. In Asia, sexual medicine is still in its infancy, and a concerted effort from the government, relevant societies, physicians and the media is required to propel sexual medicine to the forefront of health care. Asian Journal of Andrology (2011) 13, 537-542; doi:10.1038/aja.2010.135; published online 6 June 2011Keywords: Asia; erectile dysfunction; health; hypogonadism; male; premature ejaculation; sex INTRODUCTIONUntil recently, men's sexual health has taken a backseat in the planning and implementation of health care. When Viagra (sildanefil) burst onto the scene more than a decade ago, it opened up the floodgates for research and development on men's sexual health. As a result, a previously taboo subject was transformed into a popular topic, even in Asia. Being a conservative society, male sexual health was initially embraced with trepidation in Asia. In contrast, the more open culture of the West has seen significant progress in the field of sexual medicine. The purpose of this review is to examine the burden of men's sexual health in Asia and to identify issues that are unique to Asian men in order to develop strategies for the improvement of men's health care in Asia.

PurposeUrinary calculi is a familiar disease. A well-known complication of endourological treatment for impacted ureteral stones is the formation of ureteral strictures, which has been reported to occur in 14.2% to 24% of cases.Materials and MethodsThis was a prospective study. Ureterotripsy treatment was used on patients with impacted ureteral stones. Then, after 3 months and 6 months, the condition of these patients was assessed by means of a kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB) ultrasound. If the KUB ultrasound indicated moderate to serious hydronephrosis, the patient was further assessed by means of a computed tomography intravenous urogram or retrograde pyelogram to confirm the occurrence of ureteral strictures.ResultsOf the 77 patients who participated in the study, 5 developed ureteral strictures. Thus, the stricture rate was 7.8%. An analysis of the intraoperative risk factors including perforation of the ureter, damage to the mucous membrane, and residual stone impacted within the ureter mucosa revealed that none of these factors contributed significantly to the formation of the ureteric strictures. The stone-related risk factors that were taken into consideration were stone size, stone impaction site, and duration of impaction. These stone factors also did not contribute significantly to the formation of the ureteral strictures.ConclusionsThis prospective study failed to identify any predictable factors for ureteral stricture formation. It is proposed that all patients undergo a simple postoperative KUB ultrasound screening 3 months after undergoing endoscopic treatment for impacted ureteral stones.

What ' s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Testosterone defi ciency syndrome can be treated with testosterone replacement in the form of injectable, transdermal, buccal and oral preparations. Long-acting i.m. testosterone undecanoate 1000 mg, which is given at 10 − 14 week intervals, has been shown to be adequate for sustaining normal testosterone levels in hypogonadal men.This study confi rms that long-acting i.m. testosterone undecanoate is effective in improving the health-related quality of life in men with testosterone defi ciency syndrome as assessed by the improvement in the Aging Male Symptoms scale. Testosterone treatment can be indicated in men who have poor health-related quality of life resulting from testosterone defi ciency syndrome. OBJECTIVE• To evaluate the effect of i.m. injection of testosterone undecanoate 1000 mg over 12 months on the Aging Male Symptom (AMS) scale scores in men with testosterone defi ciency syndrome (TDS). PATIENTS AND METHODS• A total of 120 men > 40 years old with TDS (total testosterone < 12 nmol/L and total AMS scores ≥ 27) were randomized into i.m. injection of either placebo or testosterone undecanoate 1000 mg.• In all, 56 and 58 participants from the active treatment and placebo groups, respectively completed the study.• An i.m. injection of either placebo or testosterone undecanoate 1000 mg was given at weeks 0, 6, 18, 30 and 48.• Self-administered AMS questionnaires were completed at weeks 0, week 18 and week 48. RESULTS• Improvement in the total AMS score was signifi cantly greater in the treatment group than in the placebo group (F: 4.576, P = 0.017) over the 48-week period.• The mean ( SD ) total AMS score was 38.46 (11.85) at baseline and 33.59 (1.69) at 48 weeks for the placebo group, and 41.73 (12.73) at baseline and 32.61 (9.67) at 48 weeks for the treatment group.• The mean change in the total AMS score was − 12.6% in the placebo group and − 21.9% in the treatment group.• The mean psychological and somatovegetative domain scores decreased signifi cantly more in the treatment group than in the placebo group ( − 2.8 vs − 1.2, P = 0.03; and − 3.2 vs − 1.8, P = 0.016).• The difference in change between the randomized groups for the sexual domain scores followed the same trend, though the difference was not signifi cant. CONCLUSION• Long-acting testosterone is effective in improving health-related quality of life as assessed by the AMS scale in men with TDS. KEYWORDStestosterone defi ciency , hypogonadism , testosterone undecanoate , injectable , long-acting , AMS scale Study Type -Therapy (RCT) Level of Evidence 1b

No abstract