IMPORTANCE Recent studies have shown an association between psoriasis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in US inpatients, but the association is still unclear in the outpatient US population. OBJECTIVE To assess whether psoriasis is associated with NAFLD in outpatient US adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cross-sectional study used data on US adults aged 20 to 59 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 and 2009-2014 cycles. Data were analyzed from June to September 2021.EXPOSURES Self-reported psoriasis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe main outcome was NAFLD, defined as a US fatty liver index score greater than 30. Sampling weights were calculated according to NHANES guidelines. RESULTS Among 5672 adults included in this study (mean age, 38.9 years [95% CI,; 2999 [51.1%] female), 148 (3.0%) had psoriasis and 5524 (97.0%) did not have psoriasis. A total of 1558 participants (26.8%) were classified as having NAFLD. Compared with participants without psoriasis, those with psoriasis had a higher prevalence of NAFLD (32.7% [52] vs 26.6% [1506]). In a multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, race and ethnicity, educational level, family income, marital status, NHANES cycles, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and smoking and alcohol drinking status, psoriasis was associated with NAFLD (odds ratio [OR], 1.67; 95% CI, 1.03-2.70). In subgroup analyses, psoriasis was associated with NAFLD among men (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.10-4.24), among those aged 20 to 39 years (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.09-5.67), and among those without diabetes (1.70; 95% CI, 1. 05-2.76). An association between psoriasis and NAFLD was found in sensitivity analyses that excluded potential hepatotoxic medication use (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.01-2.95) or non-Hispanic Black participants (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.07-2.87), redefined NAFLD based on the hepatic steatosis index score (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.01-2.50), and used inverse probability of treatment weighting (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.09-1.86). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this cross-sectional study, psoriasis was associated with NAFLD in the outpatient US adult population in adjusted models. This association may be important to consider in the context of clinicians prescribing potentially hepatotoxic medication for psoriasis management.

BackgroundAlthough chronic low-grade inflammation has been linked to the development of erectile dysfunction (ED), the association between pro-inflammatory diets and ED is unclear. The dietary inflammation index (DII) is a novel method to quantify the inflammatory potential of a diet.ObjectiveOur objective was to investigate the association between the DII and ED among US males.DesignThis cross-sectional study included 3,693 males 20–85 year of age from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2004. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the DII and ED. All analyses accounted for the complex sampling design.ResultsThe mean ± SE of the DII was 0.8 ± 0.1 and 0.4 ± 0.1 among participants with and without ED, respectively. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, education, smoking status, physical activity, drinking status, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, BMI, and eGFR, the DII score was associated with ED (odds ratio 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04–1.19). Moreover, this association was also stable in our subgroup analysis or sensitivity analyses.ConclusionDietary inflammatory potential, as estimated by the DII score, is positively associated with ED among US males.

Background Acne is the eighth‐most prevalent inflammatory skin disease with no optimal treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for severe acne. Aims The effect of PDT on the composition and diversity of skin microflora in severe acne patients was studied. Materials and Methods A total of 18 patients with severe acne and 8 healthy individuals were selected for this study. Patients were treated with 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐mediated PDT once a week three times in total; the skin microbiome was measured by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing before and after treatment (1 week after each PDT). Results The microflora composition was different between healthy controls and patients, and between patients before and after treatment. Alpha diversity indices were lower in patients than those in control. There were 15 bacterial genera with high relative abundance that had noticeable changes during treatment. At the genus level,particularly Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes formerly Propionibacterium acnes), there was no statistically significant difference among different group. The abundances of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were low. Discussion The microbial composition is different between severe acne patients acne patients and healthy individuals. The therapeutic efficacy of severe acne treated with PDT is associated with the composition and diversity of skin microbiota. Conclusion The skin microbial composition changes after PDT treatment. PDT is an effective method for the treatment of severe acne.

Objectives We aimed to explore the impact of weight change on abdominal aortic calcification among males. Methods Data were obtained from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Self-reported cardiovascular disease patients were excluded. Lateral spine images were used to quantify AAC score and severe AAC was defined as AAC score >6. Weight change over a 10-year period was defined as long-term weight change, while weight change over a 1-year period was defined as short-term weight change. The relationship between long- and short-term weight change with AAC grade was estimated by using multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis. Results After adjusting for covariates, weight gain, especially severe weight gain(>10kg), was associated with increased likelihood of abdominal aortic calcification and severe AAC no matter in short term(1 year) or long term(10 years) life among males when compared to stable weight change, while long term weight loss could also lead to an increased likelihood of abdominal aortic calcification and severe AAC. Conclusions Stable body weight might be a predictor of a lower risk of abdominal aortic calcification and severe AAC among males no matter in the long term or short term.