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1,2-Carbon atom rearrangement has been broadly applied as a guiding strategy in complex molecule assembly. As it entails the carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bond migration between two vicinal atoms, this type of reaction is capable of generating structural complexity through a molecular skeletal reorganization. This review will focus on recent employment of this strategy in the total synthesis of natural products, highlighting the exceptional utility of such synthetic methodologies in the construction of intricate carbocycles, heterocycles or structurally complex motifs from synthetically more accessible precursors.

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A range of techniques has been developed for fine sediment grain-size measurements, including Laser Particle Sizer, Sedigraph, and Coulter counter (Konert & Vandenberghe, 1997; I. McCave et al., 2006), enabling quantitative grain-size distribution data to be obtained. However, studies on marine sediment cores usually require analyses on large sample sets, such that an ability to obtain reliable sediment grain-size information more rapidly and conveniently would be of great interest to marine sedimentologists (e.g., D. Liu et al., 2019). Such a capability would open up the potential for targeting long high-resolution records, as well as improving spatial coverage, leading to new insights on past sediment transport and climate dynamics over a range of timescales. It is widely recognized that chemical elements can be preferentially enriched or depleted in specific grainsize fractions within sediments or sedimentary rocks, which is referred to as the "grain-size effect" (Bouchez et al., 2011; Jin et al., 2006; Yang et al., 2002). In most cases, this effect is considered unfavorable for geochemical data interpretation and needs to be excluded or corrected (

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