We present a new method of angular measurement, which is to rotate a 15-mm-diameter, 3-mm-thick crystal quartz plate in a He-Ne laser cavity to produce a laser mode split. The magnitude of the mode split (in hertz) represents the angle of rotation. The experimental devices used are described. The stability of the beat frequency is 0.78 kHz (1σ). A sensitivity of 2.62 3 × 10(4) Hz/", where" is angular seconds, has been reached and the repeatability is 0.3". The principal error factors are discussed.
Abstract. This paper announces an algorithm to localize service robot in the spherical coordinates and presents a method to implement ultrasonic localization of IGPS (inversion GPS) in the spherical coordinates. In addition, the algorithm is justified after a simulation.
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