Inspired by the gas-trapped mechanism underwater of Argyroneta aquatica, we prepared a superhydrophobic yarn with a fiber network structure via a facile and environmentally friendly method. Attributed to the low surface energy, the superhydrophobic fiber network structure on the yarn is able to trap and transport bubbles directionally underwater. The functional yarn has good superhydrophobic and superaerophilic properties underwater to realize the directional transport of bubbles underwater without being pumped. We designed demonstration experiments on the antibuoyancy directional bubble transportation, which indicated the feasibility in the applications of gas-related fields. Significantly, on further testing, where the superhydrophobic yarn is put into a U-shaped pipe, we obtain a gas-siphon underwater with a high flux. The superhydrophobic fiber structure yarn can trap the gas underwater to enable the self-starting behavior while no manual intervention is used. The gas-siphon can convey gas over the edge of a vessel and deliver it at a higher level without energy input, which is driven by the differential pressure. The relationship between the differential pressure and the volume flux of transport bubbles is investigated. The experimental results show that the prepared superhydrophobic yarn has the advantages of good stability, easy preparation, and low cost in bubble continuous transportation underwater, which provides a novel strategy for the development and application of new technologies such as directional transportation, separation, exhaustion, and collection of gases in water.
Differences in fatigue behavior among Gussasphalt, SMA and AC under different strain levels were studied by means of the four-point flexural fatigue test under strain-controlled mode. The results showed: Compared with SMA and AC, GA is qualified with higher bending stiffness modulus and excellent in load dispersibility and bending deflection resistance, thus its deformation resistance and stress dispersibility are more excellent in all conditions. The analyses based on viscoelasticity showed: Initial and fatigued lag angles of Gussasphalt are bigger than SMA and AC, and the viscoelasticity is more obvious when loading. Besides, the bigger lag angles, the better fatigue resistance.
Concrete-filled steel tubes have been widely used all over the world due to their superior structural behaviour. To promote the use of ecofriendly materials and to reduce the use of concrete, this paper presents an innovative type of composite column, which can be referred as bamboo-concrete filled steel tubes. In this kind of column, concrete filled in the space between the external steel tube and the inner raw moso bamboo. Bamboo-concrete filled steel tubes inherit the merits of concrete-filled steel tubes such as high load-bearing capacity and ductility performance. Besides, global buckling behaviour of a bamboo column due to its relatively large slenderness can be significantly improved, and the bamboo column with nodes could provide confinement to the infilled concrete. This paper investigated the composite effect of bamboo-concrete filled steel tubular stub columns subjected to axial compression. In addition, concrete-filled double-skin steel tubular stub columns and hollow concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns were also tested for comparison. The main experimental parameter considered was the diameter-to-thickness ratio (D/t) of steel tube. Test results indicated that the composite columns with moso bamboo pipe as inner core elements showed better ductility than the hollow concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns. The bearing capacity and ductility visibly increased with decreasing of the D/t ratio.
In order to comprehensively evaluate the performance of dilution type cold patch asphalt mixture (CPAM), basic performances and deformation behaviors of dilution type CPAM under different stress modes were tested. The compaction performance and stability increasing property of CPAM were tested by rotation compaction test and Marshall stability test. The deformation behaviors of CPAM were tested by rolling test, small beam bending test and penetration shear test. Results show that when the using temperature is below 25°C, the compaction ability of CPAM is affected by temperature. The evaporation rate of organic solvents is slow, and affects the strength growing and rolling deformation behavior. It needs about 10d for the stability of CPAM rising to 3kN. The residue of organic solvents may lead the deformation of CPAM to constantly instability under rolling load. The stretching deformation and penetration shear deformation are affected by temperature. The low temperature and high temperature performance of CPAM is below standard requirements of hot asphalt mixture (HMA).
The special geographical location leads to the mutual restriction of urban spatial natural resources, material space and economy and society in the Three Gorges reservoir area, which threatens the spatial security of the towns. Based on the characteristics of multidimensional coupling between systems, this study uses Badong County as an example to evaluate the trend of coupling coordination between natural resources-material space-economic society and society by using the coupling coordination model. The results show that although the coupling degree between systems in Badong County is as high as 0.9546 and the degree of interaction is very strong, the degree of coupling coordination is only a moderate imbalance development type. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to improve the level of coupling and coordination between systems and ensure the safety of urban space.
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