Polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes with an outer diameter of 165–240 nm and an inner diameter of 10–70 nm were prepared by a self‐assembly process in the presence of six different carboxylic acids—propionic acid (PA), lactic acid (LA), succinic acid (SA), malic acid (MA), tartaric acid (TA), and citric acid (CA)—as the dopants. These nanotubes aggregated to form nanotube dendrites when the carboxylic acids contain an OH group. Moreover, the number of OH and COOH groups of the carboxylic acids affected the size, aggregated dendrite morphology, and thermal and electrical properties of the nanotubes. It was proposed that the micelle formed by the carboxylic acids acts as a template in the formation of the nanotubes, while the hydrogen bonds between the polymer chain of PANI and the OH group of the carboxylic acids supply a driving force to form the aggregated nanotube dendrites.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) -a novel and highly infectious pneumoniahas now spread across China and beyond for over four months. However, its psychological impact on patients is unclear. We aim to examine the prevalence and associated risk factors for psychological morbidities and fatigue in patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection.Methods: Amidst the disease outbreak, 41 out of 105 COVID-19 patients in a local designated hospital in China were successfully assessed using a constellation of psychometric questionnaires to determine their psychological morbidities and fatigue. Several potential biopsychosocial risk factors (including pre-existing disabilities, CT severity score of pneumonia, social support, coping strategies) were assessed through multivariable logistic regression analyses to clarify their association with mental health in patients.Results: 43.9% of 41 patients presented with impaired general mental health, 12.2% had posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, 26.8% had anxiety and/or depression symptoms, and 53.6% had fatigue. We did not find any association between pneumonia severity and psychological morbidities or fatigue in COVID-19 patients. However, high perceived stigmatization was associated with an increased risk of impaired general mental health and high perceived social support was associated with decreased risk. Besides, negative coping inclination was associated with an increased risk of PTSD symptoms; high perceived social support was associated with a decreased risk of anxiety and/or depression symptoms. Conclusions:Psychological morbidities and chronic fatigue are common among COVID-19 patients.Negative coping inclination and being stigmatized are primary risk factors while perceived social support is the main protective factor. Number of words in the abstract: 247.Number of words in the main text: 3,109. Number of figures: 1; tables: 3.Supplementary file: 1.