Facing the high incidence of skin diseases, it is urgent to develop functional materials with high bioactivity for wound healing, where reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the wound healing process mainly
via
adjustment of immune response and neovasculation. In this study, we developed a kind of bioabsorbable materials with ROS-mediation capacity for skin disease therapy. Firstly, redox-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-acrylic acid) (PNA) nanogels were synthesized by radical emulsion polymerization method using a disulfide molecule as crosslinker. The resulting nanogels were then incorporated into the nanofibrous membrane of poly(
l
-lactic acid) (PLLA)
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airbrushing approach to offer bioabsorbable membrane with redox-sensitive ROS-balance capacity.
In vitro
biological evaluation indicated that the PNA-contained bioabsorbable membrane improved cell adhesion and proliferation compared to the native PLLA membrane.
In vivo
study using mouse wound skin model demonstrated that PNA-doped nanofibrous membranes could promote the wound healing process, where the disulfide bonds in them were able to adjust the ROS level in the wound skin for mediation of redox potential to achieve higher wound healing efficacy.
Syndecan-1 chondroitin sulfate glycopeptide was synthesized for the first time using the cassette approach. The sequence of glycosylation to form the octasaccharide serine cassette was critical. The glycopeptide was successfully assembled via a 2+ (3 + 3) glycosylation strategy followed by peptide chain elongation.
Despite the ubiquitous presence of proteoglycans in mammalian systems, methodologies to synthesize this class of glycopeptides with homogeneous glycans are not well developed. Herein, we report the first synthesis of glycosaminoglycan family glycopeptides containing two different heparan sulfate chains from human syndecan-3. With the large sizes and tremendous structural complexities, multiple unexpected obstacles were encountered in synthesis, which include the high sensitivity to base treatment and the instability of glycopeptides with two glycan chains towards catalytic hydrogenation conditions. To overcome these challenges, after many trials, a successful strategy was established by constructing the partially deprotected single glycan chain containing glycopeptides first followed by union of the glycan bearing fragments and cleavage of ester type protecting groups. This work has laid the foundation to prepare other members of this important class of molecules.
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