Purpose: Wearable lower body robotic exoskeletons are an emerging technology used in gait rehabilitation to facilitate task-specific overground walking. Despite their proposed utility as a rehabilitation intervention, exoskeletons have not been widely implemented into clinical practice by physiotherapists. This study aims to inform future development of exoskeleton technology through the exploration of physiotherapy student perspectives on the use of the H2 robotic exoskeleton and the implementation of exoskeletons as a therapeutic technology in neurological gait rehabilitation. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study, including fifteen physiotherapy students, was conducted using three equally sized focus groups. A collaborative data analysis process was employed using the DEPICT model. Results: Five themes were identified during data analysis: developing evidence-informed practice, clinical considerations for exoskeleton use, resource demands, device-specific challenges for implementation, and future development. The results suggest there are several barriers limiting novel clinicians' future use of exoskeletons. Conclusion: This study highlights current challenges surrounding exoskeleton implementation into clinical practice and provides direction for future exoskeleton development. ä IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Physiotherapy students view exoskeletons as a potentially valuable rehabilitation tool once perceived limitations are addressed. This study encourages collaboration between physiotherapists and biomedical engineers for future exoskeleton development. More research is needed to inform treatment parameters and appropriate client criteria to guide exoskeleton use for gait rehabilitation.
Foldamers are an important class of abiotic macromolecules, with potential therapeutic applications in the disruption of protein–protein interactions. The majority adopt a single conformational motif such as a helix. A class of foldamer is now introduced where the choice of heterocycle within each monomer, coupled with a strong conformation‐determining dipole repulsion effect, allows both helical and extended conformations to be selected. Combining these monomers into hetero‐oligomers enables highly controlled exploration of conformational space and projection of side‐chains along multiple vectors. The foldamers were rapidly constructed via an iterative deprotection‐cross‐coupling sequence, and their solid‐ and solution‐phase conformations were analysed by X‐ray crystallography and NMR and CD spectroscopy. These molecules may find applications in protein surface recognition where the interface does not involve canonical peptide secondary structures.
Foldamers are an important class of abiotic macromolecules,w ith potential therapeutic applications in the disruption of protein-protein interactions.T he majority adopt as ingle conformational motif such as ah elix. Ac lass of foldamer is now introduced where the choice of heterocycle within each monomer,c oupled with as trong conformationdetermining dipole repulsion effect, allows both helical and extended conformations to be selected. Combining these monomers into hetero-oligomers enables highly controlled exploration of conformational space and projection of sidechains along multiple vectors.T he foldamers were rapidly constructed via an iterative deprotection-cross-coupling sequence,a nd their solid-and solution-phase conformations were analysed by X-rayc rystallography and NMR and CD spectroscopy. These molecules may find applications in protein surface recognition where the interface does not involve canonical peptide secondary structures.
The transition from radical to ionic reactivity is a key design feature of many photochemical reactions, enabling complex transformations not possible under either mechanistic regime alone. Ground state alkenes are common substrates in existing methods of this type, serving as radical acceptors to generate open-shell intermediates from which the radical–polar crossover (RPC) event is oxidatively or reductively triggered by a photocatalyst. Here, we describe an alternative RPC mechanism proceeding via an alkene triplet diradical. In this transformation, an iodine radical liberated during a homolytic aromatic substitution step functions as a single electron oxidant to generate an iminium electrophile that can be intercepted en route to complex natural product-like amines. An enantioselective variant of the reaction, enabled by an oxidatively installed sulfinyl leaving group, points to the generality of this underdeveloped pattern of diradical reactivity, paving the way to other triplet-state reactions that incorporate both one and two electron bond-forming processes.
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