Oxygen isotope records of five stalagmites from Hulu Cave near Nanjing bear a remarkable resemblance to oxygen isotope records from Greenland ice cores, suggesting that East Asian Monsoon intensity changed in concert with Greenland temperature between 11,000 and 75,000 years before the present (yr. B.P.). Between 11,000 and 30,000 yr. B.P., the timing of changes in the monsoon, as established with 230Th dates, generally agrees with the timing of temperature changes from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2) core, which supports GISP2's chronology in this interval. Our record links North Atlantic climate with the meridional transport of heat and moisture from the warmest part of the ocean where the summer East Asian Monsoon originates.

Abstract. Estimates of atmospheric dust deposition to five Asian/Pacific regions indicate that -800 Tg of Chinese desert dust is injected into the atmosphere annually; about 30% of this is redeposited onto the deserts, 20% is transported over regional scales, primarily within continental China. The remaining 50% of the dust is subject to long-range transport to the Pacific Ocean and beyond. Elemental tracers based on several dustderived elements (A1, Fe, Mg, and Sc) reveal high-frequency variability in the contributions of the western desert sources versus northern high-dust and low-dust desert sources to eolian deposits from the center of the Loess Plateau. Comparisons of the patterns uncovered with climate signals from the remote North Atlantic region for the last glaciation show that shifts in source areas of Asian dust were synchronous with large-scale variations in atmospheric circulation. spring of 1994 were analyzed directly using proton-induced X ray emission (PIXE). The PIXE analyses were performed using the 2.5 MeV protons with a 50 nA beam current produced by the 2 x 1.7 MV tandem accelerator at Beijing Normal University. Using these procedures, we were able to determine the concentrations of 17 elements, but in this paper we only consider the data for Al, Fe, Mg, and Sc. The concentrations of these four elements also were determined by PIXE in eight aliquots of a standard reference material from National Bureau of Chemical Exploration Analysis, China [GSS, 1984]. The results showed that the precision (<10%) and accuracy (<20%) were satisfactory. 3.Results and Discussion Atmospheric Emission of Chinese Desert DustAs a first approximation, all of the Chinese desert dust produced is assumed to deposit in regions A, B, C, D, and E (i.e., deposition equal to production, Figure 1). The total dust deposited is calculated as the sum of the dry plus the wet deposition averaged over each region (Tables 1 and 2 28,041

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