Perfect texture: The roles of surface nanotexturing, TiO2 passivation, and a ruthenium cocatalyst on the photoelectrochemical evolution of hydrogen by using p‐InP photocathodes are investigated. Higher current densities and more favorable onset potentials are observed after surface nanotexturing. NHE=normal hydrogen electrode.
Heavy-ion beam irradiation is one of the principal methods used to create mutants in plants. Research on mutagenic effects and molecular mechanisms of radiation is an important subject that is multi-disciplinary. Here, we re-sequenced 11 mutagenesis progeny (M3) Arabidopsis thaliana lines derived from carbon-ion beam (CIB) irradiation, and subsequently focused on substitutions and small insertion-deletion (INDELs). We found that CIB induced more substitutions (320) than INDELs (124). Meanwhile, the single base INDELs were more prevalent than those in large size (≥2 bp). In details, the detected substitutions showed an obvious bias of C > T transitions, by activating the formation of covalent linkages between neighboring pyrimidine residues in the DNA sequence. An A and T bias was observed among the single base INDELs, in which most of these were induced by replication slippage at either the homopolymer or polynucleotide repeat regions. The mutation rate of 200-Gy CIB irradiation was estimated as 3.37 × 10−7 per site. Different from previous researches which mainly focused on the phenotype, chromosome aberration, genetic polymorphism, or sequencing analysis of specific genes only, our study revealed genome-wide molecular profile and rate of mutations induced by CIB irradiation. We hope our data could provide valuable clues for explaining the potential mechanism of plant mutation breeding by CIB irradiation.
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have recently attracted a tremendous amount of attention owing to their superior optical and electrical properties as well as the interesting and various nanostructures that are created by different synthesis processes. However, the atomic thickness of TMDCs limits the light absorption and results in the weak performance of optoelectronic devices, such as photodetectors. Here, we demonstrate the approach to increase the surface area of TMDCs by a one-step synthesis process of TMDC nanowalls from WO x into three-dimensional (3D) WS 2 nanowalls. By utilizing a rapid heating and rapid cooling process, the formation of 3D nanowalls with a height of approximately 150 nm standing perpendicularly on top of the substrate can be achieved. The combination of core−shell colloidal quantum dots (QDs) with three different emission wavelengths and 3D WS 2 nanowalls further improves the performance of WS 2 -based photodetector devices, including a photocurrent enhancement of 320−470% and shorter response time. The significant results of the core−shell QD−WS 2 hybrid devices can be contributed by the high nonradiative energy transfer efficiency between core−shell QDs and the nanostructured material, which is caused by the spectral overlap between the emission of core−shell QDs and the absorption of WS 2 . Besides, outstanding NO 2 gas-sensing performance of core−shell QDs/WS 2 devices can be achieved with an extremely low detection limit of 50 ppb and a fast response time of 26.8 s because of local p−n junctions generated by p-type 3D WS 2 nanowalls and n-type core−shell CdSe-ZnS QDs. Our work successfully reveals the energy transfer phenomenon in core−shell QD−WS 2 hybrid devices and shows great potential in commercial multifunctional sensing applications.
Layer-by-layer self-assembled hybrid multilayer films based on poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) stabilized graphene with polyaniline and their electrochemical sensing properties3
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