A novel rechargeable lithium/air battery was fabricated, which consisted of a water-stable multilayer Li-metal anode, acetic acid-water electrolyte, and a fuel-cell analogous air-diffusion cathode and possessed a high energy density of 779 W h kg(-1), twice that of the conventional graphite/LiCoO(2) cell.
The stability of water-stable lithium metal in aqueous acetic acid solution was examined as an anode in a lithium–air rechargeable battery. The water-stable lithium anode consisted of a water-stable glass-ceramic
Li1+x+yTi2−xAlxSiynormalP3−ynormalO12
(LTAP), a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based electrolyte with
Li(CF3SO2)2N
(LiTFSI), and lithium metal. The LTAP immersed in
CH3COOH(HAc)–normalH2O
-saturated
CH3COOLi(LiAc)
solutions at
50°C
for several weeks showed no change in the X-ray diffraction pattern and showed a slight decrease in the electrical conductivity. The water-stable lithium anode,
Li/PEO18LiTFSI/LTAP
, showed a total resistance of
164Ωcm2
at
60°C
after being immersed in HAc (90 vol %)–
normalH2O(10vol%)
-saturated LiAc for 1 week. The
Li/PEO18LiTFSI/LTAP/HAc–normalH2O–LiAc/Ptblack
air cell had a low polarization for lithium dissolution and deposition at a current density of
1mAcm−2
. A prototype lithium–air cell using a carbon air electrode with a platinum catalyst showed a good charge and discharge cycle performance, and about 30% of acetic acid in the cell was consumed and recovered in the charge and discharge process.
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