Resumo. O município de Íuna -ES é classificado como região endêmica para leishmaniose tegumentar americana e fronteiriça com regiões endêmicas para leishmaniose visceral do Estado de Minas Gerais. Quatorze cães identificados com chips numéricos subcutâneo foram vacinados com vacina comercial contra leishmaniose visceral ao final do ano de 2014, com três doses da respectiva vacina e não sendo revacinados durante o ano 2015. Estes cães foram monitorados durante o ano 2015 e nenhum animal desenvolveu quadro clínico para leishmaniose visceral ou tegumentar. Foi realizado o teste de ELISA com o soro destes animais frente aos antígenos de Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, Leishmania infantum chagasi e antígeno vacinal A2, e encontrou-se que 64,2% e 85,7% e 100% foram positivos frente aos respectivos antígenos. Assim também se conclui que pela técnica de ELISA indireta convencional com os antígenos utilizados não é possível diferenciar animais vacinados e animais assintomáticos, o que indica reação cruzada, pois os soros positivos para antígeno vacinal A2 também são positivos para antígenos de cultura de L. braziliensis e L. chagasi.
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This study evaluated the seroprevalence and associated factors of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD), and to analyze the possible relationship between IBR, BVD, and the occurrence of mastitis. For this purpose, 854 crossbred dairy cows were evaluated from 69 properties allocated in the 12 municipalities that make up the Caparaó region, Espírito Santo (ES), Brazil. The seroprevalence of IBR and BVD was determined using the indirect ELISA test. Associations between variables were estimated using the prevalence ratio (PR) with a 95% confidence interval. The chi-square test was used to verify the significance of the associations (P < 0.05). The average prevalence of IBR and BVD was 48.59% and 26.46%, respectively. Animals seroreactive for IBR were more likely to develop subclinical mastitis (P < 0.01; PR: 1.27), and cows that were seroreactive for BVD were more likely to develop clinical mastitis (P < 0.01; PR: 2.24). Mechanical milking was considered a factor associated with IBR (P < 0.01; PR: 1.36) and BVD (P < 0.01; PR: 1.25). Reproductive management by natural breeding was considered a factor associated with IBR (P < 0.01; PR: 1.22). Animals seroreactive for BVD were more likely to develop reproductive problems (P < 0.01; PR: 1.34). It was concluded that the agents that cause IBR and BVD are widely disseminated in dairy cattle herds in the municipalities of the Caparaó region, ES, Brazil. The presence of IBR and BVD increased the chances of cows developing subclinical mastitis and clinical mastitis, respectively, and the cows that were mechanically milked were more likely to be seroreactive for IBR and BVD.
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