The model of nonlocally coupled identical phase oscillators on complex networks is investigated. We find the existence of chimera states in which identical oscillators evolve into distinct coherent and incoherent groups. We find that the coherent group of chimera states always contains the same oscillators no matter what the initial conditions are. The properties of chimera states and their dependence on parameters are investigated on both scale-free networks and Erdös-Rényi networks.
A ferrofluid emulsion, subjected to a slowly increasing magnetic field, exhibits a complicated structural behavior: a gas of Brownian particles changes to columnar solid structures due to induced dipole interaction. Two transition (intermediate) structural regimes are observed: (i) randomly distributed chains and particles and (ii) distinct thin columns and randomly distributed chains and particles. Three structural transition magnetic fields are found, one marking each structural transition, from the initial to the final structural regime. A structural diagram of the structural transition magnetic fields, H(C), versus particle volume fractions, straight phi, is constructed experimentally. Theoretical models of scaling calculations, based upon the dominant magnetic interaction in each structural regime, give the three structural transition magnetic-field relations as H(C1) proportional to straight phi(-1/2), H(C2) proportional to straight phi(-1/4), and H(C3) proportional to (straight phi(gamma)/G2)exp(piG/straight phi((gamma/2))), where gamma=0.39 and G=0.29 for our sample. The final end shape of columns and the relative position between columns show that the end-end repulsion between chains is important in the structural formation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.