Program pengabdian masyarakat ini dilatarbelakangi ketakpahaman masyarakat tentang manfaat dari limbah-limbah pertanian yang ada di sekitar Nagari Gunung Rajo. Limbah dari kegiatan bertani dan beternak tidak ter manfaatkan dengan baik, padahal limbah tersebut dapat digunakan kembali oleh masyarakat. Salah satu teknologi sederhana tepat guna yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan memanfaatkan limbah dan teknologi rizobakteri sebagai pupuk organik. Salah satu jenis pupuk organik yang terbaik adalah berupa kompos, karena dapat menyediakan unsur hara bagi tanaman dan memperbaiki struktur maupun kesuburan tanah. Adapun bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan rizokompos adalah tumbuhan Tithonia diversifolia, sekam padi, dedak dan pupuk kandang sapi. Dalam proses dekomposisi digunakan Rizobakteri sebagai decomposer dengan cara rizobakteri disiramkan pada bahan kompos, lalu kompos dibalik dan diberi rizobakteri kembali setiap minggu dengan proses pembuatan total 3 minggu. Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pemanfaatan limbah pertanian dan aplikasi rizobakteri indigenos dalam pembuatan kompos. Kegiatan ini telah dilakukan dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan demonstrasi. Kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat khususnya masyarakat Nagari Gunung Rajo. Antusias dan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat sangat menunjang keberhasilan dari kegiatan ini. Pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi yang terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan rizokompos dan rizobakteri dibanding diaplikasikan secara tunggal.
Sclerotium rolfsii merupakan patogen tular tanah yang dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga 75% pada tanaman cabai. Alternatif pengendalian ramah lingkungan bisa menggunakan agens hayati yaitu konsorsium bakteri endofit Bacillus spp. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan konsorsium Bacillus spp. terbaik untuk pengendalian rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan S. rolfsii pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian berupa eksperimen secara in vivo menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tujuh perlakuan dan tiga ulangan yaitu : konsorsium A (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), konsorsium B (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), konsorsium C (B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), konsorsium D (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), Kontrol positif (tidak diberi S. rolfsii dan Bacillus spp.), Kontrol negatif (diinokulasikan S. rolfsii dan tidak diberi Bacillus spp.) dan Kontrol pembanding (fungisida Mankozeb). Peubah yang diamati yaitu perkembangan penyakit rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsorsium AGBE 2.1 TL+ SLBE 2.3 BB, konsorsium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1.1 BB dan konsorsium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1.1 BB + SLBE2.3 BB memiliki efektivitas 100% dalam mengendalikan penyakit rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang.ABSTRACTSclerotium rolfsii is a soil-borne pathogen that can reduce yields up to 75% in chili plants. An alternative for environmentally friendly control can use biological agents, namely a consortium of endophytic bacteria Bacillus spp. The aim of the study was to obtain a consortium of Bacillus spp. best for controlling of damping off and stem rot caused by S. rolfsii in chili plants. The study was an in vivo experiment using a completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications: consortium A (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), consortium B (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), consortium C (B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), consortium D (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), positive control (no S. rolfsii and Bacillus spp.), negative control (inoculated with S. rolfsii and no Bacillus spp.) and comparison control (Mankozeb fungicide). The results obtained that the consortium AGBE 2.1 TL+ SLBE 2.3 BB, the consortium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1 .1 BB and consortium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB were 100% effective in suppressing developmental disease of damping off and stem rot caused by S. rolfsii.
Background Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum capsici is a major disease in chili plants that is difficult to control. Actinobacteria have potential biological control agents for C. capsici because of their antifungal properties and dominant presence in soil. The study aimed to obtain actinobacteria isolates that have the potential to control anthracnose in planta and increase the growth and production of chili plants. The study consisted of three stages: isolation, selection, and characterization of the best actinobacteria isolates. A total of 20 isolates of indigenous actinobacteria were isolated, and 16 isolates were successfully selected based on the results of the biosafety test. Results The in planta test showed that eight isolates could control anthracnose with 100% effectiveness. Of the eight isolates, as many as five players increased the production of chili plants by 169.51–218.53 g. Actinobacterial isolates that have the potential to control anthracnose disease in planta and increase the growth and production of chili plants are ARAI 3221, ARAC 3221, ARAC 2211, ARAC 3321, and ARTI 1312. These isolates produced indole acetic acid (IAA) with concentrations of 25.82–88.87 ppm, and four isolates were able to dissolve phosphate. Five isolates produced chitinase enzyme with the chitinolytic index of 0.32–1.78. Conclusion The introduction of actinobacteria in chili plants was also proven to extend the incubation period, reduce the incidence of disease, and reduce the severity of anthracnose disease compared to negative controls and mancozeb. Actinobacteria can suppress pathogenic microorganisms that can inhibit plant growth. Actinobacteria have the potential to increase the growth and production of chili plants. The results of 16S rRNA sequences showed that the five potential isolates were identified as Streptomyces cellulose, S. fradiae, S. olivaceus, S. pseudogriseolus, and S. griseoflavus.
The problem that is often faced by the Payo Rice Field Farmers group in producing cocoa beans is the cocoa tree that has aged and damaged due to disease pests. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to intensify efforts, for example by fertilizing, maintaining soil and plants as well as pruning and rehabilitation by replanting new cocoa trees. The purpose of this farmer group empowerment activity is to provide knowledge about the techniques and the process of pruning cocoa cultivation plants that are good and right in accordance with the cultivation procedures that are supposed to be able to increase the productivity results of these plants. The method used in this activity is the method of direct and indirect approach. The direct approach method is by conducting interviews with the Gunung Rajo community and by conducting direct socialization and demonstration in the field. The indirect method used is observation. Observation is an observation made to find out the habit. The results obtained from this empowerment activity are the Payo Rice Field farmer groups can carry out routine pruning activities on the cocoa plants they cultivate and can maintain their cocoa plants so that they can increase their yield.
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