Purpose: We investigated the ability to detect the articular disk and joint eŠusion of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of a method of dual echo volumetric isotropic turbo spin echo acquisition (DE-VISTA) additional fusion images (AFI).Methods: DE-VISTA was performed in the 26 TMJ of 13 volunteers and 26 TMJ of 13 patients. Two-dimensional (2D) dual echo turbo spin echo was performed in the 26 TMJ of 13 volunteers. On a workstation, we added proton density-weighted images (PDWI) and T 2 weighted images (T 2 WI) of the DE-VISTA per voxel to reconstruct DE-VISTA-AFI. Two radiologists reviewed these images visually and quantitatively.Results: Visual evaluation of the articular disk was equivalent between DE-VISTA-AFI and 2D-PDWI. The sliding thin-slab multiplanar reformation (MPR) method of DE-VISTA-AFI could detect all articular disks. The ratio of contrast (CR) of adipose tissue by the articular disk to that of the articular disk itself was signiˆcantly higher in DE-VISTA-AFI than DE-VISTA-PDWI (Pº0.05) in patients and volunteers with closed or open mouth. In volunteers, the CR between adipose tissue and the disk on DE-VISTA-AFI was marginally signiˆcant to that on 2D-PDWI at opened mouth (P=0.071) and not signiˆcantly diŠerent (P=0.18) from that at closed mouth. Joint eŠusion could be identiˆed in DE-VISTA-AFI in all 8 joints that had joint eŠusion in DE-VISTA-T 2 WI but in only 3 of those joints in 2D-T 2 WI. The CR of joint eŠusion to adipose tissue on DE-VISTA-AFI did not diŠer signiˆcantly from that on DE-VISTA-PDWI. However, using DE-VISTA-T 2 WI in addition to DE-VISTA-PDWI, we could visually identify joint eŠusion on DE-VISTA-AFI that could not be identiˆed on DE-VISTA-PDWI alone.Conclusion: DE-VISTA-AFI can depict the articular disk and a small amount of joint eŠusion by the required plane of MPR using the sliding thin-slab MPR method.
Purpose: We estimated the coronary artery wall using maximum intensity fusion (MIF) of whole-heart magnetic resonance (MR) angiography (WHCA) and water suppressionspectral presaturation with inversion recovery (WS-SPIR) 3D T 1 -weighted turboˆeld echo (3DT 1 TFE).Methods: We created a phantom using a wall of plastic bottles varied with plastic tapes measuring 0.4 to 3.0 mm thick (0-14 sheets) by vernier caliper and compared widths with those on proˆle curves.In 3 patients, to clarify the capacity to visualize the coronary wall in vulnerable plaque, we acquired WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE and WS-spectral attenuation with inversion recovery (SPAIR) (inversion time [TI] 400 ms) 3D T 1 TFE images of carotid vulnerable plaque; also termed``lipid-rich plaque,'' vulnerable plaque is considered to be visualized in high intensity.We utilized the same geometric parameters and rest period on WHCA as for WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE. We obtained MIF of WHCA and WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE and measured thickness of the right coronary artery (RCA) wall on the proˆle curve in 18 cases.Results: The widths of the dip of the lower third of the bottom to head on the proˆle curve were consistent with actual measurement at 1-2 mm, the usual coronary artery wall thickness. Carotid plaques of high intensity by T 1 -weighted black-blood (T 1 BB) and T 2 -weighted BB (T 2 BB) methods showed high intensity on WS-SPAIR (TI 400 ms) 3D T 1 TFE and low intensity on WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE. With or without vulnerable plaque in the coronary artery wall, MIF of WHCA and WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE re‰ected the coronary artery wall. We obtained bands of low intensity in MIF between epicardial fat of WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE and coronary artery lumen of WHCA all but mid RCA in all 18 cases. We were unable to detect mid RCA in 5 cases. The outline of the obstructed mid RCA in 1 case was clear in WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE. The higher velocity of RCA movement caused blurring in another 4 cases in both WHCA and WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE. Those wall thickness of proximal or mid RCA averaged 1.3±0.2 mm.Conclusion: Bands of low intensity between epicardial fat and coronary artery lumen on MIF of WHCA and WS-SPIR 3D T 1 TFE can re‰ect the coronary artery wall.
DE-VISTA-AFI could clearly delineate the entire length of the lumbar nerve roots that run from the cauda equina in the spinal fluid through to the fat in the lateral recess, intervertebral foramen, and outside the intervertebral foramen.
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