ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh cara fermentasi, inokulasi mikroba, dan proporsi sumber karbon terhadap kualitas pupuk organik dari limbah cair yang diperoleh dari rumah pemotongan ayam di wilayah Jakarta. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah meliputi cara fermentasi, inokulasi mikroba dan proporsi sumber karbon. Pengamatan dilakukan setelah fermentasi berjalan selama tiga minggu, meliputi warna, aroma, kandungan unsur-unsur C, NH 4 , NO 3 , total-N, P 2 O 5 , K 2 O dan kandungan mikroba pathogen (Fusarium sp., Coletotrichum sp., Salmonella sp., and Eschericia coli). Pupuk yang dihasilkan diujicobakan pada tanaman Caisin pada enam lokasi yang berbeda. Diperoleh hasil bahwa sistem fermentasi aerobik yang disertai inokulasi mikroba pengurai (Lactobacillus spp.) dan penambahan bahan sumber karbon sebanyak 20% (v/v) merupakan metoda fermentasi yang terbaik dalam menghasilkan pupuk organik cair yang dibuat dari limbah cair rumah pemotongan ayam. Namun demikian, respon tanaman Caisin terhadap pupuk hasil fermentasi nyata lebih rendah dibandingkan pupuk sejenis yang telah dikomersialkan (EM4). Kandungan nitrogen dan fosfor dari pupuk cair ini (92.000 ppm dan 143.000 ppm) nyata lebih tinggi (P<0.05) daripada kandungan pada EM4 (0,07 ppm dan 3,22 ppm). ABSTRACTThis study was to examine the effect of fermentation, inoculation, and the proportion of carbon sources on the quality of organic fertilizer made from fermentation of liquid waste collected from chicken slaughterhouse in Jakarta area. The parameters being tested included fermentation, microbial inoculation, and carbon source proportion. The observations were made after three weeks of fermentation on the color, odor, pH, contents of elements C, NH4, NO3, total-N, P2O5, K2O and pathogenic microbes (Fusarium sp., Coletotrichum sp., Salmonella sp. and Eschercia coli). The fertilizer were implemented for green chinese cabbage in six locations. It was found that the aerobic fermentation system combined with inoculation of the decomposer microbes (Lactobacillus spp.) and the addition 20% (v/v) of a carbon source was the most appropriate method of fermentation in the production of liquid organic fertilizers from liquid waste of chicken slaughterhouse. The quality of the fertilizer which is based on physical, chemical and biological characteristics and crop responses still less than the similar commercial fertilizer (EM4). Nevertheless, the nitrogen and phosphor contents of this liquid fertilizer (92,000 ppm and 143,000 ppm) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the EM4 (0.07 and 3.22 ppm).
ABSTRAK. Cendawan endofit diketahui memiliki kemampuan dalam menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yang sering berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan inangnya, seperti meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap kondisi cekaman biotik dan abiotik, maupun meningkatkan pertumbuhannya. Penelitian bertujuan mengisolasi dan mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi cendawan endofit yang diperoleh dari akar tanaman cabai terhadap pertumbuhan benih tanaman cabai besar (Capsicum annuum L.). Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Rumah Kaca BPTP Jakarta, sejak September 2012 hingga Agustus 2013. Penelitian terdiri atas eksplorasi, uji patogenisitas, dan uji efikasi terhadap cendawan endofit. Eksplorasi cendawan endofit dilakukan terhadap sampel akar tanaman cabai sehat dari daerah Garut (Jawa Barat), yang sering digunakan untuk budidaya tanaman cabai dan Cipayung (Jakarta Timur), yang merupakan daerah baru untuk budidaya tanaman cabai. Seleksi awal terhadap isolat cendawan dilakukan dengan uji patogenisitas secara in vitro. Uji efikasi cendawan secara in vivo pada benih cabai berfungsi untuk mengetahui efek aplikasi cendawan terpilih terhadap pertumbuhan benih. Hasil eksplorasi menunjukkan bahwa isolat cendawan yang diperoleh dari akar tanaman cabai daerah Garut, secara makroskopis memiliki keragaman lebih tinggi dibanding dengan keragaman isolat dari daerah Cipayung. Uji patogenisitas menunjukkan bahwa isolat cendawan yang diuji cenderung didominasi oleh cendawan yang bersifat patogenik dan potensial patogenik. Uji efikasi cendawan endofit terpilih (46 isolat nonpatogenik dan 16 isolat potensial patogenik), dalam memengaruhi pertumbuhan vegetatif benih, menunjukkan bahwa 74,19% isolat yang diuji memiliki kemampuan memicu pertumbuhan benih. Sebanyak 34 isolat dari isolat-isolat tersebut diketahui merupakan isolat yang konsisten bersifat nonpatogenik dan 12 isolat berdasarkan uji patogenisitas bersifat potensial patogenik.Kata kunci: Cendawan nonpatogenik; Metabolit sekunder; Fitohormon ABSTRACT. Endophytic fungi are known be able to produce secondary metabolites that often impact on the growth of its host, such as increasing the resistance of plant to biotic and abiotic stress conditions, as well as enhance its growth. This study aimed to isolate and determine the effect of endophytic fungi applications that isolated from the roots of chilli plants to the growth of chilli seeds (Capsicum annuum L.). The research activities carried out in the Laboratory of Microbiology and Greenhouse BPTP Jakarta, from September 2012 to August 2013. The study was consisted the exploration, pathogenicity test, and the efficacy test of the endophytic fungi. The exploration of endophytic fungus carried out on samples of chilli healthy plant roots from the area of Garut (West Java), which is often used for the cultivation of chilli plants, and Cipayung (East Jakarta), which is a new area for the cultivation of chilli plants. The initial selection of the isolates of the fungi carried by the pathogenicity test in vitro. The efficacy test of the fungus...
<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>This study aimed at determining the effect of granulation and compost enrichment to improve the effectivity of compost on green mustard, lettuce, kangkong, and spinach. The granulation treatments i.e without and with granulation and the enrichment using microbial cultures, the liquids from the rock phosphate fermentation, and the mixture of microbial cultures and the liquids from the rock phosphate fermentation were as treatments . The combinations of treatments were arranged using completely randomized block design with 20 replications. Variables observed were plant height, leaf number, fresh weight and dry weight. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and foll owed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that there was no significant interaction between granulation with enrichment to improve the effectivity of compost on green mustard, lettuce, kangkong, spinach. The compost granulation treatment significantly increased the effectivity of compost on green mustard and lettuce, but not on kangkong and spinach. The granulation even decreased the compost effectiveness on spinach. The compost enrichments treatments significantly increased the effectivity of compost on green mustard, lettuce and spinach. The compost enrichments using the mixture of liquid fermentation medium of rock phosphate and microbial increased yield of green mustard and lettuce up to 48.4 and 60.1% respectively, while liquid fermentation medium of rock phosphate increased yield of spinach 75.0%.</p><p>Key words: compost, granulation, enrichment, vegetable</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh granulasi dan pengayaan terhadap efektivitas kompos pada sawi, selada, kangkung, dan bayam. Perlakuan penelitian terdiri atas perlakuan granulasi, yakni tanpa dan dengan granulasi, dan perlakuan pengayaan yang meliputi kultur mikroba, cairan media fermentasi batuan fosfat, dan campuran kultur mikroba dan cairan media fermentasi batuan fosfat. Kombinasi perlakuan diatur menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan pengulangan sebanyak 20 kali. Peubah pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan berat segar serta berat kering tanaman. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian dan dilanjutkan menggunakan Duncan Multiple Range Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi nyata antara perlakuan granulasi dan pengayaan terhadap peningkatan efektivitas kompos pada sawi, selada, kangkung dan bayam. Perlakuan granulasi nyata meningkatkan efektivitas kompos pada sawi dan selada, namun tidak pada kangkung dan bayam. Perlakuan granulasi bahkan menurunkan efektivitas kompos pada bayam. Pengayaan nyata meningkatkan efektivitas kompos pada sawi, selada, dan bayam. Pengayaan kompos menggunakan campuran kultur mikroba dan cairan medium fermentasi batuan fosfat meningkatkan hasil sawi dan selada, masing-masing hingga 48,4 dan 60,1%, sedangkan cairan medium fermentasi batuan fosfat meningkatkan hasil bayam sebesar 75%.</p><p>Kata kunci: kompos, granulasi, pengayaan, sayuran</p>
Onion cultivation in pots is a solution of limited land in urban areas. Nevertheless, the onion productivity is constrained by the quality of planting media. The utilization of rabbit manure is an alternative to improve the quality of planting media. This study was aimed to determine the effect of rabbit manure level in the planting media on the growth and yield of onion, as well as the effect of rabbit manure on planting media quality. The method used was a completely randomized design with one factor and 12 replications. The treatment was rabbit manure level on growth media i.e. 0%; 25%; 50%; 75%; and 100%. Parameters measured were leaf lenght, number of leafss, diameter and weight of bulbs, pH of planting media, Cation exchange capacity (CEC), Sodium, Phosphor and Potassium. The results showed that 25%-50% rabbit manure in planting media produced the best on leaf lenght, number of leafs, diameter of bulbs, and weight of bulbs. The application of rabbit manure on ultisol soil media was able to increase pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and cation exchange capacity, vice versa decreased the content Potassium.
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