Composite membranes have been fabricated made of ultrafine PVDF fibers via a tip-induced electrospinning (TIE) process and Al2O3 nanoparticles via a dip-coating process.
Uniform deposition of nanofibers in the massive electrospinning process is critical in the industrial applications of nanofibers. Tip-Induced Electrospinning (TIE) is a cost-effective large-scale nanofiber-manufacturing method, but it has poor deposition uniformity. An auxiliary conductive electrode connected to the emitting electrode was introduced to improve the deposition uniformity of the nanofibers. The effects of the auxiliary electrode shape, the tilted angles and the position of the boat-like electrode on the electric field distribution, the diameter of the nanofibers, the jet control and the deposition uniformity were explored by using finite element analysis of the electric field and experiments. Experiments showed that the boat-like electrode at 20 mm above the reservoir bottom with a 5° tilted angle helped to decrease the relative deposition error of nanofibers in the greatest extent to about 5.66%, indicating such an auxiliary electrode is a good candidate method to greatly improve the deposition uniformity of nanofibers in massive electrospinning.
The present study has theoretically investigated the combined torsional buckling behavior of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with consideration of scale effect in the multi-field coupling condition. The generalized governing equation of buckling for CNTs subjected to thermo-electro-mechanical loadings has been established based on an elastic shell model of continuum mechanics, in which scale effect is taken account of through the nonlocal elasticity theory. Except the applied torque and torsion-related axial load, the Van der Waals forces between adjacent nanotubes, as well as effects of temperature change and voltage load, is taken into consideration at the meantime. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the influences of different factors. The conclusions provided herein will be helpful and valuable for the dependent designs and related applications of CNT-based nano-structures serving in the complex thermal and electrical environment.
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