В статье представлено исследование динамики производства работ по лесной рекультивации на породных отвалах, отсыпанных в ходе добычи угля открытым способом на территории Иркутской области. По данным дистанционного зондирования за 35-летний период установлена позитивная динамика в проведении лесной рекультивации. Весь объем работ по лесовосстановительной экологии выполнен на породных отвалах, отсыпанных в ходе открытой разработки Черемховского, Азейского, Мугунского и Жеронского угольных месторождений.
The results of remote monitoring of the state of disturbed lands during the development of deposits of nickel-containing ores from the Ufaleisk group are presented. An ecologically acceptable rate of formation of the plant ecosystem on waste dumps and in mined-out pits was recorded. Currently, more than 90% of disturbed lands are covered with resistant species of vegetation.
The results of assessing the formation of a plant and aquatic ecosystem on the territory of worked-out and being developed iron ore deposits in the regions of the Urals are presented. It has been established that the restoration of the ecobalance is taking place at an acceptable rate at iron ore deposits located in the forest zone. Environmental restoration assessment was carried out using the results of remote monitoring.
The results of a comprehensive assessment of the total area and the ecological state of disturbed lands as a result of opencast mining of numerous deposits of solid minerals in the Urals are presented. The ranking of mining divisions by the degree of restoration of plant ecosystems in the territory of mining landscapes has been carried out. The conclusion is made about the expediency of using the results of such studies when justifying environmental protection measures in the field of restoration of disturbed lands at existing and prospective mining enterprises.
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