No abstract

Objective: There is evidence that asthma is associated with an increase in psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, distress and somatization). The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of psychiatric disorders in adult asthmatic patients and to examine its relationship to asthma control.Methods: A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted on 134 subjects (65 healthy volunteers, 69 asthmatic patients). The asthmatic patients were divided into 3 groups, according to GINA guidelines (GINA, 2010) [2] criteria for asthma control, and were subsequently compared to control groups in terms of demographic, clinical, and spirometric data, as well as The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire to assess psychological symptoms.Results: The sample was predominantly female 49 patients (71%). Of the 69 patients, 32 (46%) were classified as having uncontrolled asthma. Somatization, anxiety, depression, distress levels were higher among asthma patients compared to control and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). High levels of somatization and distress were found among uncontrolled asthma cases compared to partially and controlled cases with no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05 and p > 0.05, respectively). High levels of anxiety were found among uncontrolled and partially controlled asthma cases compared to controlled cases with no statistically significant difference. Low grade depression levels were noticed among controlled cases. High levels of anxiety were found among uncontrolled and partially controlled asthma cases compared to controlled cases with no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05 and p > 0.05, respectively). There was a negative weak correlation between psychiatric symptoms and age, duration of asthma and forced expiratory volume in the first second (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Asthmatic patients are at high risk of psychiatric problems, particularly depression, anxiety and somatization. Asthmatic patients need psychotherapy besides their medication of asthma to obtain better asthma out come and management.

No abstract

No abstract

Background Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) was introduced in (DSM-5) as a new diagnostic category to get control on the exaggerated diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents which was elevated more than 40 times in the last decade. Few studies were done recently to explore the role of family history of bipolar disorder in the occurrence of DMDD in children and adolescents. Unfortunately, there is limited number of studies about the familial transmission of DMDD. The aim of this study is to examine the presence of a relation between DMDD and the presence of a family history of bipolar disorder through comparing the diagnosis of DMDD in offspring of parents with (a) bipolar disorder and (b) a control group. Results The distribution of psychiatric disorders among the studied groups highlighted that DMDD and depressive disorder are significantly present in the offsprings of bipolar parents more than in the offsprings of control parents. DMDD is significantly present among offsprings of bipolar parents aged ≤ 11 years old (p = 0.008*). Also, DMDD is significantly (p = 0.02) present among male offsprings of bipolar parents. Also, depressive disorder is significantly (p = 0.002) present among female offsprings of control parents. While significant comorbidity between DMDD and depressive disorders (p = 0.018*) was detected. Conclusions This study revealed that DMDD and depressive disorders are significantly present in the offsprings of bipolar parents higher than in the offsprings of control parents. DMDD is significantly present among the offsprings of bipolar parents aged ≤ 11 years old. The relation between sex and affective disorders among the offsprings was also assessed revealing that DMDD is significantly present among male offsprings of bipolar parents. Also, depressive disorders are significantly present among female offsprings of control parents. Potential implications This study has several clinical implications. This study draws attention to the importance of the careful assessment of the offsprings of bipolar patients to check the presence of different childhood psychiatric disorders such as DMDD. Also, symptoms of temper outbursts and persistent irritability in childhood require the necessary of psychiatric evaluation not only for the patients but also for their families. In addition, this study highlights the need for accurate updated diagnostic instruments to differentiate between these overlapping symptoms. As regards implications for future research, following-up of children diagnosed with DMDD to recognize the prognostic outcome of this new diagnostic category is necessary.

Background United Nations considered intimate partner violence (IPV) as a serious problem affecting 35% of females all over the world requesting action to face this problem. There is strong evidence that the effect of violence against women has short-term and long-term negative outcomes on women physical health such as pain, wounds, fractures or even death in addition to serious psychiatric disorders for example anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of different subtypes of (IPV) in a group sample of married females. Also, the current study will examine the relation of intimate partner violence with subsequent depression and post-traumatic stress disorder disorders among those females. Results This study highlights subtypes of intimate partner violence among the studied females according to the Composite Abuse Scale (CAS); the highest prevalence type of violence is harassment (72.2%) followed by physical violence (57.8%), severe combined violence (54.4%), emotional violence (53.3%), and finally the last one is sexual abuse (7.8%). Post-traumatic stress disorder distribution among studied females; the highest prevalence (n = 37, 41.1%) had mild PTSD, followed by 23 (25.6%) who were normal, and then n = 20 (22.2%) who had severe PTSD, while the least prevalence (n = 10, 11.1%) had moderate PTSD. In concern to depressive disorder distribution among studied females, the highest prevalence (n = 33, 36.7%) were normal, followed by 29 (32.2%) who had moderate depression, and then n = 12 (1.3%) who had severe depression, n = 9 (10.0%) who had mild depression, while the least prevalence (n = 7, 7.8%) had very severe depressive symptoms. Conclusions This study found that the prevalence of intimate partner violence among the studied females is high. In addition, the presence of a strong relationship between all subtypes of intimate partner violence and the diagnosis of PTSD and depressive disorder among studied females. Potential implications; these results can be applied clinically as females are exposed to the burden of IPV and should be helped empowered in various ways such as providing psychiatric counselling for those females.

Background Patients with depression are at a higher risk of developing serious medical problems such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases, increasing the burden of depression and worsening its outcome. Recent studies revealed the presence of low-grade systemic inflammation and metabolic impairments which are playing an important role in the development of these medical problems among patients with depression. It should be noted that not all patients with depressive disorder have these immune or metabolic impairments. The study aims to evaluate inflammatory and metabolic impairments among patients with depression through categorizing patients with depression into four dimensional profilers which are (1) atypical energy-related symptom dimension, (2) melancholic dimension, (3) childhood trauma dimension, and (4) anxious distress dimension. Also, the current study will evaluate inflammatory and metabolic impairments among patients with depression and a control group. Results This study highlights that of the patients with metabolic impairments (including hypertension, impaired glycemic control, low/high-density lipoprotein, elevated triglycerides, and central obesity), all of them had reported significantly higher scores in the atypical, energy-related symptom dimension. Also, patients with impaired glycemic control had reported significantly (p < 0.001) high scores in the anxious distress symptom dimension. While patients with inflammatory impairment (serum CRP > 3 mg/L) had significantly (p = 0.009) reported higher scores in the childhood trauma symptom dimension. In addition, statistically significant metabolic and inflammatory impairments are detected among the depression cases group in comparison with the control group. Conclusions This study found that patients with depression presented by atypical, energy-related symptoms were at a higher risk of metabolic impairments than other depression profilers. Also, patients of the Anxious distress symptom dimension reported significant impaired glycemic control. In addition, patients with depression of the childhood trauma dimension were associated with high levels of inflammatory marker (C-reactive protein). Potential implications These results can be applied clinically to improve treatment and prognosis in patients with depression. For example, depressed patients with atypical, energy-related symptoms should increase their daily physical activities and exercise, and they should follow a special diet. Also, anti-inflammatory medications could be added to depressed patients of the childhood trauma dimension.

No abstract