The HOMA IR strongly correlated with the clamp IR in type 2 diabetic patients treated with SUs as well as in those treated with diet alone.

Arterial stiffness indexes beta of CCA and FA were associated with insulin resistance in NIDDM subjects.

Objective: Subclinical hypothyroidism affects 5-15% of the general population and is associated with increased morbidity from cardiovascular disease. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a parameter of arterial stiffening and a good independent predictor for the presence of coronary artery disease. This study was performed to assess whether subclinical hypothyroidism might cause enhanced baPWV.Patients and Methods: baPWV was examined in subclinical hypothyroid patients (n ϭ 50) and normal control subjects (n ϭ 50).Results: Diastolic blood pressure (DBP), a main risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and baPWV were both significantly higher in subclinical hypothyroid patients than normal subjects. baPWV was significantly positively correlated with age and systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure and significantly negatively correlated with pulse rate in both subclinical hypothyroid patients and normal subjects. In contrast, there was no significant correlation of baPWV with free T 3 , free T 4 , TSH, total, high-density lipoprotein-and low-density lipoproteincholesterol, and the preejection time to ejection time ratio. A comparison of individual values of baPWV and DBP and regression slopes in two groups revealed that baPWV values increase to a larger extent than the increase in DBP in subclinical hypothyroid patients. In both groups, stepwise regression analysis showed a significant and independent association of DBP with baPWV. Conclusions:The present study demonstrated significant increases of baPWV and DBP in subclinical hypothyroid patients. Furthermore, the results suggest that increased DBP might be one of the main factors responsible for increased arterial stiffening in subclinical hypothyroid patients.

Objective: Subclinical hypothyroidism affects 5-15% of the general population, is especially prevalent in females, and may be associated with increased morbidity from cardiovascular disease, although it remains controversial. We recently reported a significant increase in the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), a parameter of arterial stiffening and an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, in subclinical hypothyroidism without thyroiditis. The current study was performed to assess changes in baPWV in female subclinical hypothyroidism with autoimmune chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease) after restoration of normal thyroid function. Methods: In a randomized placebo-controlled study, 95 female subclinical hypothyroid patients were monitored for changes in baPWV before and after levothyroxine (L-T 4 ) replacement therapy. Changes in baPWV were also measured in 42 age-matched normal female subjects. Results: The baseline baPWV values in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were significantly higher than in normal subjects. With attainment of euthyroidism, baPWV showed a significant decrease from 1776.7G86.0 to 1674.3G79.2 cm/s (PZ0.006) in patients treated with L-T 4 , but the changes in baPWV and TSH were not correlated. The change in baPWV was significantly and negatively correlated with age and baseline pulse pressure, but multiple regression analysis revealed that these parameters failed to be associated with the change in baPWV. Conclusions: Sustained normalization of thyroid function during L-T 4 replacement therapy significantly decreases baPWV in female subclinical hypothyroid patients with autoimmune chronic thyroiditis, suggesting the improvement of arterial stiffening and, consequently, possible prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Sitagliptin reduces the ACR through decreasing both blood pressure and eGFR, with no correlation with a decrease in HbA1c over a 3-month period. These results may reflect the direct action of sitagliptin on the kidneys.