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According to the DNA encryption algorithm and the double-chaotic system which contains the optical chaos and the coupled map lattice chaotic system, a novel image encryption-then-transmission system is proposed. In the system, with identical chaotic injection from a master laser with two optical feedbacks, two slave lasers (SL1 and SL2) can output similar chaotic signals served as chaotic carrier to transmit image and used to generate the core part of the encryption scheme. A 128-b key is selected to generate the original value of the double-chaotic system, which decides the DNA complementary rule, hence, the key is hypersensitive in encryption and decryption process. The security analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed encryption system. The simulation results verify that the cryptosystem is enough against the traditional attacks, such as statistical attack, differential attack, brute force attack, and entropy attack. Moreover, the encrypted image can be the optical message and transmitted in 10 km single-mode fiber channel from SL1 to SL2. In order to ensure the security, we use the chaos masking technique to modulate and demodulate the optical message. Through numerical simulations of the cross-correlation function, the chaos synchronization between SL1 and SL2 is desired. The Q-factor is 9.559 and the bit error rate is 5.771 × 10 −22 .

We present two effective approaches to improve the responsivity of high speed waveguide-based Ge photodetectors integrated on a 0.25 μm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The main cause of poor responsivity is identified as metal absorption from the top contact to Ge. By optimizing Ge thickness and offsetting the contact window, we have demonstrated that the responsivity can be improved from 0.6A/W to 0.95 A/W at 1550 nm with 36 GHz 3 dB bandwidth. We also demonstrate that a wider device with double offset contacts can achieve 1.05 A/W responsivity at 1550 nm and 20 GHz 3 dB bandwidth.

Sperm motility is the main index used to assess the quality of bull semen. It may also be used to evaluate the fertility potential of bulls. Protein-coding mRNA and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) participate in the regulation of spermatogenesis. Here, we employed strand-specific RNA sequencing to profile the semen transcriptome (mRNA and lncRNA) of six paired full-sibling Holstein bulls with divergent sperm motility and to determine the functions of mRNA and lncRNA in sperm motility. Among 20,875 protein-encoding genes detected in semen, 19 were differentially expressed between the high sperm motility group (H: H1, H2, and H3) and low sperm motility group (L: L1, L2, and L3). Of the 11,561 lncRNAs identified in sperm, 2,517 were differentially expressed between the H and L groups. We found that TCONS_00041733 lncRNA targets the node gene EFNA1 (ephrin A1), involved in male reproductive physiology. Our study provides a global mRNA and lncRNA transcriptome of bull semen, as well as novel insights into the regulation of neighboring protein coding by lncRNAs and the influence of mRNAs on sperm motility.

Multifunctional reconfigurable devices, with higher information capacity, smaller size, and more functions, are urgently needed and draw most attention in frontiers in information technology. 2D semiconductors, ascribing to ultrathin body and easy electrostatic control, show great potential in developing reconfigurable functional units. This work proposes a novel double‐gate field‐effect transistor architecture with equal top and bottom gate (TG and BG) and realizes flexible optimization of the subthreshold swing (SS) and threshold voltage (VTH). While the TG and BG are used simultaneously, as a single gate to drive the transistor, ultralow average SS value of 65.5 mV dec−1 can be obtained in a large current range over 104, enabling the application in high gain inverter. While one gate is used to initialize the channel doping, full logic swing inverter circuit with high noise margin (over 90%) is demonstrated. Such device prototype is further extended for designing reconfigurable logic applications and can be dynamically switched and well maintained between binary and ternary logics. This study provides important concept and device prototype for future multifunctional logic applications.

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