Tumor resection is widely used to prevent tumor growth. However, the defected tissue at the original tumor site also causes tissue or organ dysfunction which lowers the patient’s life quality. Therefore, regenerating the tissue and preventing tumor recurrence are highly important. Herein, according to the concept of ‘first kill and then regenerate’, a versatile scaffold-based tissue engineering strategy based on cryogenic 3D printing of water-in-oil polyester emulsion inks, containing multiple functional agents, was developed, in order to realize the elimination of tumor cells with recurrence suppression and improved tissue regeneration sequentially. To illustrate our strategy, water/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/dichloromethane emulsions containing β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), 2D black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets, low-dose doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and high-dose osteogenic peptide were cryogenically 3D printed into hierarchically porous and mechanically strong nanocomposite scaffolds, with multiple functions to treat bone tumor, resection-induced tissue defects. Prompt tumor ablation and long-term suppression of tumor recurrence could be achieved due to the synergistic effects of photothermotherapy and chemotherapy, and improved bone regeneration was obtained eventually due to the presence of bony environment and sustained peptide release. Notably, BP nanosheets in scaffolds significantly reduced the long-term toxicity phenomenon of released DOX during in vivo bone regeneration. Our study also provides insights for the design of multi-functional tissue engineering scaffolds for treating other tumor resection-induced tissue defects.
We reported a highly active CuFe2O4 catalyst
modified with reduced graphene oxide (CuFe2O4–RGO) by a solvothermal method. The composite catalyst was
fully characterized by FTIR, XRD, Raman, TEM, and XPS, which demonstrated
that the CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with a
diameter of approximately 17.8 nm were densely and compactly deposited
on the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets. The as-prepared CuFe2O4–RGO composites were used to catalyze
phenol hydroxylation for the first time, which exhibited great catalytic
activity. The conversion rate of phenol to dihydroxybenzenes reached
35.5% with a selectivity of 95.2% obtained, which is much higher than
for reported systems (25.0%). The catalytic activity remained high
after six cycles. More importantly, the catalyst can be easily recovered
due to its magnetic separability and the organic solvent-free nature
of the phenol hydroxylation process. A possible mechanism in phenol
hydroxylation by H2O2 over CuFe2O4–RGO20 catalyst was also proposed.
The electrooxidation of ethylene
glycol (EG) is of vital significance
for the conversion from biomass energy into electrical energy via
direct fuel cells. However, the EG oxidation reaction (EGOR) suffers
from poor efficiency due to the limitation of high-performance electrocatalysts
for cleaving the C–C bonds. Herein, this limitation is successfully
addressed by fabricating the doughnut-shaped Pd–Bi2Te3 heterostructured catalyst. Notably, the heterojunction
Pd–Bi2Te3 nanocatalyst has been demonstrated
to be highly active toward the EGOR with superb activity and durability,
in which a mass activity as high as 2420.8 mA mg–1 is achieved in alkaline media, being 1.7 times higher than that
of the commercial Pd/C catalyst. Upon combination of experimental
results with mechanism studies, it is indicated that the remarkable
EGOR performance is attributed to the enlarged active areas that stemmed
from the doughnut-like structure, as well as the strong synergistic
effect from Pd–Bi2Te3 and Pd. More importantly,
the highly electroactive Pd–Bi2Te3 can
accelerate charge transfer and boost the oxidation of CO-like intermediates,
which are conducive to the enhancement in electrochemical stability.
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