El uso de ductos es una alternativa importante en el transporte de fluidos, siendo un problema común de ingeniería obtener la caída (pérdida) de presión o transferencia de calor en el fluido. Para evaluar estos fenómenos, el número de Poiseuille (f ReDh) es de mucha importancia. En el presente artículo, este número ha sido calculado para flujo laminar plenamente desarrollado en ductos de diferentes secciones trasversales usando el software TRANSCAL, el cual ha sido desarrollado por el Laboratorio de Simulación Numérica en Mecánica de Fluidos y Transferencia de Calor – SINMEC-, de la Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina. En la implementación de los cálculos realizados en el software, se introdujeron los parámetros utilizando la analogía entre la ecuación diferencial de cantidad de movimiento en la dirección del flujo y la ecuación diferencial de energía del fluido, con el objetivo de obtener la velocidad media del fluido en el ducto.
Numerical solutions of 2-D laminar flow over a backward-facing step using the lattice Boltzmann equation method (LBEM) are presented in this article. Unlike conventional numerical schemes based on macroscopic continuum equation (mass conservation and Navier-Stokes) discretisation, the LBEM is based on microscopic models and mesoscopic kinetic equations. The simulations were validated for a wide range of Reynolds numbers (100 ≤ Re ≤ 1,000), comparing them to previous studies. Several flow features, such as primary and secondary vortex location at the bottom and top of the wall, respectively, were investigated regarding Reynolds number. Two typical classes of boundary condition were implemented in the LBEM model: the Drichlet condition at the inlet flow (parabolic speed profile) and the Newman condition at the outlet flow (zero gradient speed). The results showed that the LBEM gave accurate results over a wide range of Reynolds number; these were compared with other numerical methods and experimental data.
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