Magnetic iron oxide and iron/copper nanoparticles were synthesized using Lathyrus brachypterus extract, and then magnetic Fe
3
O
4
–CS, Fe
3
O
4
–AT, Fe/Cu–CS and Fe/Cu–AT nanocomposite beads were synthesized using chitosan and alginate natural polymers. They were used for both adsorption and heterogeneous catalysts for the catalytic wet peroxidation (CWPO) of naproxen (NPX), diclofenac (DCF) and NPX + DCF drugs which are important micro-organic pollutants, separately and together (NPX + DCF) from aqueous media. In adsorption studies, the drugs were adsorbed very quickly in the first minutes and then, desorbed in between 8 and 10 min. In competitive adsorption, the adsorbents showed selective properties for DCF and NPX. In CWPO technique, drug removal was achieved in 9 min with a conversion capacity of 92% for DCF with Fe/Cu–CS and 84% for NPX with Fe/Cu–AT optimum experimental conditions, such as pH 5, 30% of H
2
O
2
, 100 mg catalyst and 298 K. Based on reusability of the catalysts, it was seen that there was a slight decrease in the removal efficiencies in the third cycle and the stable and active structure of the catalyst was preserved to the desired extent. Furthermore, the oxidation reaction was in good agreement with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.
Graphical abstract
An acoustic ring
resonator employing a two-dimensional surface
phononic crystal is proposed for high-sensitivity detection in binary
gas mixtures. Band analyses and frequency-domain simulations via the
finite-element method reveal that a single band for spoof surface
acoustic waves appears at ultrasonic frequencies around 58 kHz where
modification of its dispersion due to varying gas composition results
in a linear shift of the resonance frequency. The shift rate is −17.3
and 8.8 mHz/ppm for CO2 and CH4, respectively.
The linear shift of resonance frequency is experimentally validated.
In addition, the ring resonator can also be employed to track acoustic
intensity variation with gas concentration, where exponentially decaying
intensity for low concentrations leverages high-sensitivity operation.
AbstractCarcinogenic and mutagenic properties of aflatoxin species are known in literature. Their intake over a long time period might be health-dangerous for human even at trace levels. It is well known that different foodstuffs can be contaminated by aflatoxin species through growing and storage. Due to the serious health effects, sensitive determination of aflatoxin species in any matrices related with the human being is very crucial at trace levels. In literature, there are sensitive techniques to analyze the different samples for the contents of their aflatoxin species. Each technique has some advantages and disadvantages over the other techniques. This review aims to summarize the different health effects of aflatoxin species, development of analytical techniques and applications of developed techniques in a variety of matrices.
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