The complete genome sequence of maracuja mosaic virus (MarMV) was determined and analyzed. The full MarMV genome consisted of 6794 nucleotides, and this is the largest genome size among known tobamoviruses. The MarMV genome RNA contained four open reading frames (ORFs) coding for proteins of M(r) 126, 181, 34 and 18 kDa from the 5' to 3' end, respectively. The lengths of the 5' nontranslated region (NTR) and the 3' NTR were 54 and 177 nucleotides, respectively. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that these MarMV-encoded proteins are related to members of the Malvaceae- and Cucurbitaceae-infecting tobamoviruses. MarMV is different from other tobamoviruses and forms a new Passifloraceae-infecting subgroup. Western blot analysis showed that MarMV cross-reacted strongly with antibodies against Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus and Hibiscus latent Singapore virus. Synthesized capped transcripts from full-length cDNA of MarMV were infectious. These data clearly indicate that MarMV belongs to a separate species of the genus Tobamovirus.
Biological properties and the complete genome sequence of bell pepper mottle virus (BPeMV) were determined. The full genome of BPeMV consists of 6375 nucleotides. The BPeMV genomic RNA has four open reading frames (ORFs) encoding proteins of M(r) 126, 181, 30 and 18 kDa from the 5' to the 3' end, respectively. The lengths of the 5' nontranslated region (NTR) and the 3' NTR are 71 and 198 nucleotides, respectively. Overall identities for the four ORFs of BpeMV, at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively, ranged from 36.0 to 80.6% and from 32.1 to 90.9%, compared to those of 22 other tobamoviruses. The CP gene of BPeMV displayed 43.5-73.5% and 32.1-82.4% identity to those of 22 other tobamoviruses at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of four viral proteins clearly supported the conclusion that BPeMV-encoded proteins were related to those of members of the Solanaceae-infecting tobamoviruses. BPeMV was closely related to tomato mosaic virus, and tobacco mosaic virus and different from other tobamoviruses. Western blot analysis showed that BPeMV cross-reacted strongly with antibodies against members of Solanaceae-infecting tobamoviruses. These data represent the first molecular evidence supporting BPeMV as a separate species of the genus Tobamovirus.
In this study, the complete sequence of the genomic RNA of frangipani mosaic virus (FrMV) has been determined and compared to those of other known tobamoviruses. The complete genome sequence of FrMV consisted of 6,643 nucleotides. The FrMV genomic RNA encoded four open reading frames (ORFs), for proteins of M(r) 128 kDa (1,147 aa), 186 kDa (1,651 aa), 30 kDa (257 aa) and 18 kDa (175 aa) from the 5' to the 3' end. Overall similarities for the four ORFs of FrMV-P ranged from 26.8 to 53.0% at the amino acid level when compared to those of 24 other tobamoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the FrMV replicase (186 kDa) and MP revealed that FrMV is closely related to SHMV and CMMoV, while the FrMV replicase (128 kDa) is more closely related to cucurbit-infecting and malvaceous-infecting tobamoviruses, and the FrMV CP is closely related to that of CMMoV and solanaceous-infecting tobamoviruses.
In this study, we identified a new tobamovirus from diseased Aporcactus flagelliformis cactus plants, named it rattail cactus necrosis-associated virus (RCNaV), and determined its complete genome sequence. The full RCNaV genome consisted of 6,506 nucleotides and contained four open reading frames coding for proteins of M(r) 128 kDa (3,441 nt), 185 kDa (4,929 nt), 55 kDa (1452 nt), 36 kDa (1,005 nt) and 19 kDa (513 nt) from the 5' to 3' end, respectively. The overall similarities for the four ORFs of RCNaV were from 32.5% to 64.1% and from 17.0% to 67.3% to those of the other tobamoviruses, at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. Comparison of the coding and non-coding regions of the virus with those of other tobamoviruses showed that RCNaV is the most closely related to cactus mild mottle virus.
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