Five new phenolic compounds, gramniphenols C-G (1-5), and eight known compounds (6-13) were isolated from the whole plant of Arundina gramnifolia. Compounds 1, 4, and 5 showed anti-tobacco mosaic virus activity, with IC(50) values of 20.8, 40.8, and 57.7 μM, respectively. Compounds 1-10 were also tested for their anti-HIV-1 activity; compounds 2, 3, and 6 displayed anti-HIV-1 activity with therapeutic index values above 100:1.
Aspergillines A-E (1-5) are highly oxygenated cyclopiazonic acid (CPA)-derived alkaloids bearing a rigid and sterically congested hexacyclic indole-tetrahydrofuran-tetramate scaffold, isolated from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus vesicolor. Apergillines A-C represent a new subclass of CPA-derived alkaloids, and aspergillines B and E possess a butanoic acid methyl ester moiety. The structures, including absolute configuration, were elucidated by interpretation of the NMR, X-ray crystallographic, and circular dichroism data. All compounds displayed anti-TMV and cytotoxic activities.
Four new highly oxygenated germacranolides (1, 4, 6, and 7) and four new acyclic diterpenes (8-11), along with three known germacranolides (2, 3, and 5), were isolated from the seeds of Carpesium triste. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including IR, HRESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR experiments, and the absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 8-10 were established by CD and Mosher's methods, respectively. Compounds 1, 2, and 4-10 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against cultured SMMC-7721 (human hepatoma), HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia), and L02 (human hepatocyte) cell lines. Compounds 1, 2, and 4-7 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells, and compound 10 exhibited cytotoxicity against SMMC-7721 cells.
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