An all-optical format conversion and regeneration 1 scheme about 4-ary amplitude and phase shift keying (4APSK) 2 signals is proposed and numerically simulated based on nonlinear 3 effects in the high nonlinear fiber (HNLF). The input 4APSK 4 signal is firstly converted into a regular quadrature phase 5 shift keying (QPSK) signal by the nonlinear Mach-Zehnder 6 interferometer (MZI) based on the self-phase modulation (SPM).7 Secondly, a degenerate phase-sensitive amplification (PSA) based 8 on the four-wave mixing (FWM) is utilized to convert the 9 regular-QPSK into two binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signals. 10 The nonlinear MZI configuration is also used to compress the 11 amplitude noise of BPSK. Thirdly, one phase shifter and one 12 variable optical attenuator (VOA) are used to adjust the relative 13 phase and power relationships of the two amplitude-regenerated 14 BPSK signals. The regenerated 4APSK and converted QPSK 15 signals can be generated in one 3-dB optical coupler through 16 coherent addition of the two regenerated BPSK signals. The 17 error-vector-magnitude (EVM) and the bit-error-rate (BER) are 18 calculated and compared to evaluate the scheme performance. 19 The proposed scheme can be applied as an optical regenerator 20 or format convertor at the network gateway to increase the 21 transmission distance or connect optical networks with different 22 modulation formats. 23 Index Terms-quadrature phase shift keying, amplitude and 24 phase shift keying, self-phase modulation, four-wave mixing, 25 nonlinear Mach-Zehnder interferometer, phase-sensitive ampli-26 fication. 27 I. INTRODUCTION 28 W ITH the development of emerging technologies and 29 services, including the Internet of Energy (IoE), the 30 Internet of Things (IoT), the big data, the cloud comput-31 ing, the artificial intelligence (AI) and the fifth-generation 32
We have experimentally demonstrated, for the first time, a single-channel 50 Gbit/s net rate THz-band transmission over an 850 m wireless link, which also creates the longest wireless distance and largest distance-rate product for a photonic THz-wireless transmission in the world.
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