The development of porphyrin-based metal− organic frameworks (MOFs) has attracted significant interest in the scientific community in recent years because of their versatile applications particularly in optical and electronic fields. In this study, a highly selective and sensitive fluorescent turn-on sensor using a porphyrinic MOF, Tb−TCPP, is presented, which displays a 10-fold fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Al 3+ , Cr 3+ , and Fe 3+ ions. The detection limit is in the nM region. For the Al 3+ ion, it could be visually detected at concentrations as low as 5 mM within 15 min. Tb−TCPP could also be used as an indicator for acidic or alkaline solutions at pH values of >9 and <3. The studies on the detection mechanism illustrate that cation exchange proceed between Tb−TCPP and these M 3+ ions, and consequently, energy transfer from TCPP to Tb 3+ is suppressed and π*−π energy transfer of the porphyrin ligand is significantly enhanced.

In contrast to previous studies, we found allopurinol to be the most common single drug associated with CADRs followed by antibiotics (amoxicillin and cephalosporins), and antiepileptic, especially carbamazepine. A higher incidence of EM-like eruptions and urticaria was also seen.

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