By choosing DMF and dioxane as solvent, skeletons of indoles and pyrroles were constructed from alkynes and amines in the presence of PdCl2, respectively. These Pd‐catalyzed reactions were phosphane‐free with high atom efficiency and could be conducted under mild basic conditions. The proposed mechanism for the selective formation of indoles and pyrroles in different solvents is also discussed in this paper.
Heptaaryldipyrromethenes are efficiently prepared from ammonium acetate and tetraarylcyclopentadienones in a one-pot cascade process and can be converted into heptaaryl BODIPYs with fluorescent response to environmental acidity.
BackgroundTo investigate the possibility and feasibility of simultaneous cardiac and noncardiac surgery.MethodsFrom August 2000 to March 2015, 64 patients suffering from cardiac and noncardiac diseases have been treated by simultaneous surgeries.ResultsTwo patients died after operations in hospital; thus, the hospital mortality rate was 3.1%. One patient with coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, and a recurrence of bladder cancer accepted emergency simultaneous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), bladder cystectomy, and ureterostomy. He died of acute cerebral infarction complicated with multiple organ failure on the 153rd day after operation. The other patient with chronic constrictive pericarditis and right lung cancer underwent pericardial stripping and right lung lower lobectomy, which resulted in multiple organ failure, and the patient died on the tenth day postoperatively. The remaining 62 patients recovered and were discharged. The total operative morbidity was 17.2%: postoperative hemorrhage (n, % [1, 1.6%]), pulmonary infection and hypoxemia (2, 3.1%), hemorrhage of upper digestive tract (1, 1.6%), incisional infection (3, 4.7%), subphrenic abscess (1, 1.6%), and postoperative acute renal failure and hemofiltration (3, 4.7%). Of the 62 patients discharged, 61 patients were followed up. Eleven patients died with 10 months to 10 years during the follow-up. The mean survival time is 116.2±12.4 months. The cumulative survival rate is 50.8%.ConclusionSimultaneous surgeries in patients suffering from both cardiac and noncardiac benign or malignant diseases are safe and possible with satisfactory short-term and long-term survival.
Three green-emitting compounds 1–3 based on 2-aryl-3-cyanobenzofuran fluorophore tethered with aggregation-induced emission active (AIE-active) tetraphenylethene (TPE) were designed and synthesized.
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